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Receptor- and store-operated mechanisms of calcium entry during the…

- - - - IP3+Ca channel> Ca2+ depletion>SOCE
      - IP3
      - DAG
    - - ORAI1
      - STIM
        
        ER Ca2+ sensor and serve as one of the main regulators of this interaction
      - TRPC
        
        CHO-hM1 cell內建TRPC1
      - Icrac
        
        selective Ca2+ current, named the calcium release activated current (iCRAC)
        
        following intracellular Ca2+ store depletion
- - - - from cytoplasm> PM(DAG)
        
        看DAG在細胞膜所增加的量
        
        PKC translocation to PM
        
        regulates the activity of PM TRPV1–4 and TRPA1 Ca2+-conducting ion channels
    - - from PM> cytoplasm(IP3)
        
        看IP3在細胞質所增加的量
- - - - ROCE:the ability to quickly respond after receptor-agonist binding
      - SOCE:slowly respond following intracellular calcium store depletion
    - - expression patterns of the PM and internal ER ion channels and pumps.>>mechanism
  - - - 大多數的response都相似
      - nsPEF會對PM產生mechanical impact
  - - - modulates Ca2+ influx during the ROCE response,
      - PPI signaling and IP3 production are not affected
    - - internal PPI signaling reaction in Gd3+-treated cells after nsEP exposure was not investigated.
      - The negative Gd3+ effect on post-nsEP exposure fluxes (Ca2+)was recently reported
- - - - Fig3C: Ca2+的變化量
- - - - overall PIP2 depletion (proved)
        
        two pools of PIP2 in the PM
- - - - bright spot: lipid raft (PIP2 rich)
- - - - slow translocation
        
        比較Fig.1C
  - - - rapid translocation (PM fl 消失)
        
        比較Fig.1E
      - slow recovery
- - - - 看阻止不同channel/pores會有甚麼不同(源頭)
- - - - relatively high 600 nsEP exposures could easily saturate CaGr by very high Ca2+ concentration, resulting in similar maximum CaGr fluorescence peak amplitudes.
- - - - 量cytoplasm螢光
    - - 量PM螢光
- - - - the Gd3+ 沒有阻止PIP2水解(DAG.IP3生成)
  - - - 不是全部依賴Ca2+:bisphase
        
        first :fast
        
        反應跟CA2+ FREE 的EXTERNAL MEDUIM和PLC blocked cell相似
        
        second:slow
        
        Ca2+ dependent PLC acceleration, probably by Ca2+ released from the ER through IP3R in the first phase. The GFP-C1-PKCγ-C1a DAG production response mirrors this reaction by delaying translocation of the probe to the PM during first IP3 phase