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Heart & BV (Autorhythmicity (Heart itself initates heartbeat, 1)…
Heart & BV
Autorhythmicity
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Connect w Purjinke fibres in apex-contraction spreads thru L,R ventricles
Heart valves
Semilunar
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Function: prevents backflow from pulmonary trunk, aorta into ventricles
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Foetal circulation
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Want blood to bypass undeveloped lungs, if it doesnt close, there will be blood mixing
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Types of arteries, veins
Aorta
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Ascending aorta
2 coronary arteries
When left ventricle relaxes, blood flows backward in ascending aorta, closing aortic valve, flowing into coronary arteries
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Why study?
Supplies, drains blood from all structures eg. speech, swallowing, vision, hearing
Impt vessels of head, neck lie very close to nerves that supply larynx, pharynx etc.
Impt in stroke, functional deficits
Main structures of CVS
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Blood vessels
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Capillaries
Exchange of gases, nutrients, waste products b/w blood, tissues
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Main diff: Muscular layer thicker in arteries (Hold shape) vs. veins (will collapse). Arteries made to withstand pressure.
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Pathologies
DVT
Clot may move to lungs, brain causing stroke
Cerebral infarctions
Area of necrotic tissue in brain resulting from blockage, narrowing in arteries supplying blood, O2 to brain
Circle of Willis
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Anastomosis
Provide alternative route to provide blood flow, compensate if there's any occlusion
Sinuses
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Coronary
Superior, inferior saggital
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Confluence of sinuses: where they meet, sits on top of internal occipital protuberance
Lymphatic system: Comparison, drainage and condition