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Lab Investigations (Types of Tests (Coagulation Profile (INR…
Lab Investigations
Types of Tests
FBC/CBC
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Diagnosing conditions in which the number of blood cells is abnormally high or abnormally low, or the cells themselves are abnormal
Low haemoglobin – indicates anaemia, which has a number of possible causes, including iron deficiency, internal bleeding or a poor diet.
High haemoglobin – which may be caused by an underlying lung disease or problems with the bone marrow.
A low white blood cell count – which may be genetic and of no significance, but could also be caused by problems with your bone marrow, or a viral infection.
A high white blood cell count – which is usually suggestive of an infection somewhere in your body however rarely can be a sign of more serious illness.
A low platelet count – which may be caused by a viral infection or an autoimmune condition (where the immune system attacks healthy tissue)
A high platelet count – which may be caused by inflammatory conditions, infection or a problem with the bone marrow.
Iron Studies
Iron is a critical part of haemoglobin and is also needed by other cells, especially muscle (which contains another oxygen binding protein called myoglobin).
Serum iron - measures the level of iron in the liquid part of your blood.
Ferritin - measures the amount of stored iron in your body. It is the main protein that stores iron, especially in the liver and the bone marrow
Transferrin or total iron-binding capacity (TIBC) - Transferrin is the main transport protein of iron.
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Vit B12/Folate
Part of the B complex of vitamins. B12 and folate work with vitamin C to help the body make new proteins. They are necessary for normal red blood cell (RBC) and white blood cell (WBC) formation, repair of tissues and cells, and synthesis of DNA.
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Coagulation Profile
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Platelets
the number of platelets in the bloodstream; it is also a routine component of the Full Blood Count(FBC)
Fibringogen
this protein is a precursor to fibrin, which is an essential part of a blood clot. Decreased fibrinogen results in an increased bleeding tendency.
Confirm normal clotting function before a procedure which may cause bleeding, or in conditions associated with bleeding
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Liver Function Test
Measuring the levels of proteins, liver enzymes, and bilirubin in your blood.
Investigations if you have certain medical conditions such as high triglycerides, diabetes, high blood pressure, or anemia
HbA1c
Average blood glucose over the previous 8 to 12 weeks and gives an indication of your longer-term blood glucose control
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CRP (C-reactive protein)
Test marker for inflammation in the body. CRP is produced in the liver and its level is measured by testing the blood.
CRP is classified as an acute phase reactant, which means that its levels will rise in response to inflammation
Can be an indication of chronic inflammatory diseases (ie Sjogrens, sacroidosism IBS, RA, SLE)
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Case 3 - Dry mouth
Order: CRP, HbA1C, Serum immunoglobulin