Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
A 23 year old patient comes in and is infected with the bacterium…
A 23 year old patient comes in and is infected with the bacterium Clostridium tetani
Patient was never vaccinated against the bacterium Clostridium tetani
The patient was infected by the bacterium from a dirty needle while getting a tattoo
Clostridium tetani can be fatal since the bacterium release toxins that destroy your nerves that control muscle movement causing serious breathing issues
The patient could potentially experience muscle spasms in the neck and mouth making it difficult to swallow
If the muscle spasms continue to untreated then the patient could potientially die due to difficulty breathing
The patient can be prescribed medications to help relax the muscles and reduce the spasms
An increase in calorie intake will help due to there being more muscle activity
The patient can experience stiffness in the throat and neck making it difficult to breathe
The patient can be described medications to help with the stiffness of his neck and throat to help make it easier to swallow
The patient will need to increase their calorie intake since there will be more muscle activity.
The patient could die
The patient may require surgery to completely remove the infected muscle (debridement)
The patient will have to increase their daily calorie intake due to there being more muscle activity
Four Systems involved in this case
Integumentary System
Muscle System
Nervous System
Circulatory System
Neuromuscular Junction Chain of Events
First an action potential travels the length of the axon of a motor neuron to an axon terminal
Voltage gated calcium channels open and calcium ions diffuse into the terminal
Next, calcium entry causes synaptic vesicles to release acetylcholine via exocytosis
Acetylcholine diffuses across a synaptic cleft and binds to acetycholine receptors which contain ligand-gated cation channels
The ligand-gated cation channels open
Sodium ions enter the muscle fiber and potassium ions exit the muscle fibers causing the membrane potential to become less negative
Once the membrane has become less negative an action potential propagates along the sacrolemma
Acetylcholine is the neurotransmitter responsible for the beginning muscle contraction
Exocytosis steps
The cell forms a vesicle around the material that needs to be expelled from the cell
The vesicle is then transported to the membrane
The cell membrane and the vesicle fuse together so that contents can be released out of the cell
A twitch is a single rapid contraction and relaxation of a muscle fiber due to a single action potential of a motor neuron
Wave summation is increasing the stimulation of the muscle fibers and can be in complete or incomplete tetany
Tetany is the fusion of contractions to produce a continuous contraction
Clostridium tetani produces two toxins
tetanospasmin: causes clinical tetanus.
tetanolysin: causes local tissue destruction
These toxins prohibit the release of neurotransmitters at the neuromuscular junction