Endocrine Glands
Anterior Pituitary
Posterior Pituitary
Pancreas
Adrenal Cortex
Thyroid
Parathyroid
Adrenal Medulla
Pineal Gland
Hormones Secreted
Glucagon secreted by alpha cells
Insulin secreted by beta cells
Hormones Secreted
Triiodothyronine
Calcitonin
Thyroxine
Hormones Secreted
Parathyroid hormone (PTH)
Hormones Secreted
Melatonin
Regulatory hormones are secreted by neurons in the hypothalamus to the hypothalamo-hypophyseal portal system
Hormones Secreted
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH)
Targets the Adrenal Cortex
Growth Hormone (GH)
Follicle-Stimulating
Hormone (FSH)
Prolactin (PRL)
Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH)
Luteinizing Hormone (LH)
Targets the thyroid gland
Targets most tissues
Targets the Gonads
Targets the mammary glands as well as other sex accessory organs
Targets the Gonads
Release of the hormones of the posterior pituitary are controlled by neuroendocrine reflexes
Hormone Secreted
Oxytocin
Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)
Secreted when osmoreceptor neurons respond to an increase in plasma osmolality
Released due to sensory nerve impulses sent to the hypothalamus (i.e. suckling and childbirth)
Targets the uterus, mammary glands, and testes
Targets the Kidney
Targets skeletal muscles, liver, and adipose tissue
Targets liver and adipose tissue
Secretion regulated by the Suprachiasmatic Nucleus (SCN) by hypothalamic control of the sympathetic neurons
Target organ is the SCN which is within the brain
Secretions occur when the plasma glucose concentration and insulin falls leading to glycogenolysis
Secretions occur when there is an increase in plasma glucose
Secretes hormones whenever the "Fight or Flight" response
Norepinephrine
Epinephrine
Targets blood vessels and muscles
Targets blood vessels and muscles
Secretes steroid hormones--corticosteroids
Glucocorticoids
Adrenal Androgen
Mineralocorticoids
Targets the bones, kidneys, and intestines
The increase in PTH promotes an increase in blood calcium levels which later on elicits a negative feedback inhibition
Secreted by Parafollicular Cells which inhibits the activity of osteoclasts
Produced when two DIT molecules are modified and coupled together
Produced when one MIT and one DIT molecules are combined
Targets liver and kidneys
Targets bones and kidneys
Targets liver and kidneys
Nonspecific stress works to activate the pituitary-adrenal axis and negative feedback also works to control the adrenal cortex
Target the kidney
Targets the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland
Testes, ovaries, and adrenal glands