tissue injury
skin anatomy
antibiotics
microbiota
innate immunity barrier
dermis
epidermis
subcutaneous
stratum granulosum
stratum spinosum
stratum lucidum
stratum basal
stratum corneum
sweat gland
sebaceous gland
hair follicles
nerve
pilli muscle
arterioles and venules
cell death
burns
injuries
inflammation
how to reduce the risks of burns
healing
complications of healing
non-specific
first line of defense
second line of defense
mucous membrane
secretions of skin and mucous membrane
skin
phagocytic leukocyte
antimicrobial proteins
inflammatory response
fever
part of the
normal flora
foreign
which fight pathogens
large intestine
skin
nose
staphylococcus epidermidis
any microbiota that are pathogenic and cause infection
E.coli
staphylococcus aureus
enterococci
vagina
staphylococcus saprophyticus
upper respiratory tract
streptococcus pneumonia
viridans streptococcus
might be opportunistic if they enter an area that do not belong
by a protective response
a protective response of the body to harmful stimuli, aiming to discard the irritant, stop its spread, and begin the process of healing of the affected tissues
cardinal signs
redness
heat
swelling
pain
limitation of movement
and with the help of drugs
medications that destroy or slow down the growth of bacteria
cell wall inhibitors
increase cell membrane permeability
protein synthesis inhibitors
interfere with nucleic acid synthesis
antimetabolites
viral replication
is the process of the restoration of health from an unbalanced, diseased or damaged organism
regeneration
repair
a type of healing in which new growth completely restores portions of damaged tissue to their normal state
restoration of damaged tissue structure and function
minor injuries
damaged tissues restore their structure and function
major injuries
scar formation which may result in structural abnormalities that impair organ function
excessive scaring
non healed wounds
diabetes
medications
poor nutrition
poor circulation
infection
pressure ulcer
drinking alcohol
age
keloid scar
hypertrophic scar
may lead to
osteomyelitis
edema
hematomas
dehiscence
peri-wound dermatitis
tissue necrosis and gangrene
tissue damage caused by heat, chemicals, electricity, sun light, nuclear radiation
third degree
fourth degree
second degree
first degree
superficial (epidermis)
partial thickness superficial (epidermis and dermis) part of the dermis
full thickness (epidermis and dermis) exposed to muscle
full thickness (exposed to bone)
mechanisms of bacterial resistance to antibiotics
drug degradation
mutation and gene transfere
reduced antibiotic uptake
vertical
horizontal
mutation
gene transfer
transformation
conjugation
transduction
beta-lactamase
efflux
decreased cell permeability
some wont be affected due to
leading to
might have some
necrosis
apoptosis
crush injury
avulsion
amputation
puncture
abrasion
laceration
and
lead to
programmed cell death
cell death due to infection, injury, lack blood supply
for example death of skin cells
and to be aware of the risks
enforcement
education
engineering
do not leave food cooking on the stove unattended
slowly pour liquids from a hot kettle
keep electrical supplies away from water
do not use and heat conducting handles
creation and implementation of guideline, codes and lows
is the passing and enforcement of legislation of factors discussed in engineering
smoke detectors and alarms
smoke detector legislation
Mohammad Abdulla
U18101843