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Skeletal System Marylen Ventura p.1 (TYPE OF BONES (short bones: glide…
Skeletal System Marylen Ventura p.1
TYPE OF BONES
short bones: glide over one another
flat bones: protects organs and is an attachment site for muscles
Irregular bones: surrounds and protects the spinal cord
Sesamoid bones: protects the knee joints
long bones: attachment for muscles
Bone Classification: +long bones: longer than they are wide
+short bones: square or cube shaped
+flat bone: flat, thin bones, often curved
+irregular bones: odd, irregular shapes
ANATOMY OF THE LONG BONE
Diaphysis
shaft of compact tissue
-thin connective tissue called perosteum
-contains medullary cavity
-filled with yellow bone marrow
Epiphysis
end of the long bone
-proximal
-distal
-spongy bone
-contains red bone marrow
covered in articular catilage
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE MALE AND FEMALE PELVIS :
The pelvis boarder line is wider compared to a males pelvis. The males pelvis is taller, narrow and more compacted
SYNOVIAL JOINTS
PLANE- BACK AND FORTH MOTION. (WRIST AND ANKLE)
HINGE- FITS INTO A CONCAVE SURFACE MOSTLY FOUND IN THE ELBOW AND PHALANGES JOINT
ELLIPOSID- VARIETY MOTION FOUND IN BETWEEN METACARAL AND PHALANGES
PIVOT- cylindrical surface that rotates within a ring of bone and fibrous tissue. found
BALL AND SOCKET - WIDE RANGE OF MOTION. MOSTLY FOUND IN THE HIP JOINTS AND SHOULDER
SADDLE- permits movement between two plates, found in the tapezum and metacarpal of the thumb
MICROSCOPE ANATOMY OF COMPACT BONE:
its made out of osteons forming layers of lamellae around the central canal. Which contains blood vessels making it avascular and nerve fibers.
DISORDERS
TENDONITIS- inflammation of tendon sheaths
ARTHRITIS- DISEASE IN THE JOINTS
OSTEOARTHEITIS- BECAUSE OF NORMAL AGING PROCESS, PHYSICAL TRAUMA. OR REPETITBE MOTION
BONE FRACTURE
TRAVERSAL- horizontal fracture line
OPEN- bone pierces the skin
STABLE- broken ends of the bone line
OBLIQUE- angled pattern fracture
COMMUTED- shatters into more than 3 pieces
BONE REMODELING
it happens when the bones need to replace to maintain its structure and minerals. after some damage that has been done to bone. The osteoblasts breaks down the old bone then the osteoblasts begin to lay down the new bone. Also some hormones take a part in bone growth
BONES!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
AXIAL-
APPENDAGES