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Skeletal System (Bones (Frontal Bone (Flat Bones), Nasal Bone (Flat Bones)…
Skeletal System
Bones
Frontal Bone (Flat Bones)
Nasal Bone (Flat Bones)
Zygomatic Bone (Flat Bones)
Maxilla (Flay Bones)
Mandible (Flat Bones)
Temporal Bone (Flat Bones)
Parietal Bone (Flat Bones)
Clavicle (Long Bone)
Cervical Vertebrae (Long Bones)
Scapula (Long Bones)
Humerus (Long Bones)
Thoracic (Long Bones)
Radius (Long Bone)
Lumbar Vertebrae (Long Bones)
Ulna (Long Bones)
Femur (Long Bones)
Patella (Long Bones)
Fibula (Long Bones)
Tibula (Long Bones)
Sacrum (Flat Bones)
Coccyx (Flat Bones)
Coxal Bones (Flat Bones)
Sternum (Flat Bones)
Carpals (Short Bones)
Metacarpals (Short Bones)
Phalanges (Short Bones)
Tarsals (Short Bones)
Metatarsals (Short Bones)
Phalanges (Short Bones)
Calcareous (Short Bones)
Talus (Short Bones)
Metatarsal Phalanges Joints (Short Bones)
Anatomy of the Long Bone
Diaphysis
Long Portion of long bone
Epipysis
Ends of bone
Epiphyseal Plate
A flat
Articular Cartilage
Covers the external surface of the epiphysesos reduces friction
Periosteum
Outside covering of diaphysis
Medullary Cavity
Cavity of shaft
Arteries
Supply bone cells with nutrients
Compact Bone
Outer layer of bone
Spongy Bone
Small needle-like pieces of bone in a pattern called trabeculae
Bone Fracture Repair
Closed
fracture break that doesn't break skin
Open
fracture broken bone penetrate through skin
Comminuted Fracture
bone is broken into more than 3 pieces
Depressed Fracture
Bone is pressed inward or dented in
Impacted Fracture
broken bone is forced into each other
Spiral Fracture
ragged break from a twisting force
Greenstick Fracture
bones break completely
Reduction
bone is set, realigned and immobilized
Microscopic Anatomy of Compact Bone Tissue
Osteon
A unit of bone
Central Canal
Carries blood vessels and nerves
Perforating
Canal perpendicular to central canal
Lacunae
Cavities containing bone cells
Camallae
Rings around central canal
Canaliculi
Tiny canals
Movements Allowed by Synovial Joints
Plane
Condyloid
Pivot
Hinge
Saddle
Ball and Socket
Disorders
Bone thinning disease
makes bone fragile and breaks easily
Sprain
ligaments or tendons reinforcing joints are torn or stretched
Bursitis
inflammation of a bursa caused by blow or friction
Tendonitis
inflammation of tendon sheaths
Arthritis
inflammatory or degenerative diseases of joints
Osteoarthritis
most common chronic arthitis
Types of Bones
Long Bone
Short Bone
Flat Bone
Irregular Bone
Bone Remodeling
Osteocytes
mature bone cells
Osteoblast
Bone forming cells
Osteoclasts
bone destroying cells
Joints
Fibrous Joints
bone united by fibrous tissue
Cartilaginous Joints
bones connected by cartilage
Synovial Joints
freely movable
Male and Female Pelvis
Male
narrower and heart shaped
more than 90 degrees
Female
larger and rounder
more than 90 degrees
shallower and lighter
sacrum shorter and less curved