Please enable JavaScript.

Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.

hydrocarbon (ALKANES (WAYS OF NAMING (branched chain ((2,4-dimethylhexane…

- - - - Step 1: Draw the structure of the alkane molecule.
      - Step 2: Write a skeleton molecular formula using the symbols for carbon (C) and hydrogen (H)
      - Step 3: Count the number of carbon atoms in the straight chain.
      - Step 4: Write the number of of carbon atoms into the skeleton molecular formula as a subscript number to the right of the symbol for carbon (C).
      - Step 5: Count the number of hydrogen atoms in the straight chain.
      - Step 6: Write the number of of hydrogen atoms into the skeleton molecular formula as a subscript number to the right of the symbol for hydrogen (H).
      - Step 7: Check that your completed molecular formula makes sense (CnH2n+2)
    - - 1-Count the longest continuous chain of carbons.
      - 2 Number the carbons in the chain starting with the end that’s closest to a branch.
      - 3Count the number of carbons in each branch.
      - 4Attach the number of the carbon from which each substituent branches to the front of the alkyl group name.
      - 5Check for repeated alkyl groups.
      - 6Place the names of the substituent groups in front of the name of the parent chain in alphabetical order.
      - 2,4-dimethylhexane
    - - Determine the parent chain.
        
        Number the substituents of the ring so that the sum of the numbers is the lowest possible.
        
        Name the substituents and place them in alphabetical order.
      - Cyclobutane
- - - - Count the number of carbon atoms in the longest chain in a way that makes the triple bond have the lowest number
        
        Identify the position of the alkyl group
        
        Name the alkyl group
        
        If the alkyl group occurs more than once’s then use ( di, tri, tetra)
        
        If there is a different alkyl group write them according to the alphabetical order
        
        Use ( , ) between number and number , use ( - ) between number and name
        
        4-methyl-2-pentyne
    - - Count the number of carbon atoms in the longest chain in a way that makes the triple bond have the lowest number
      - End the word with yne
      - PROPYNE
- - - - Step 2: The suffix "ane" tells us that there are ONLY single covalent bonds between the carbon atoms in the chain.
      - Step 3: Use the table above to convert the prefix to the number of carbon atoms in the carbon chain
      - Step 1: Divide the name of the straight chain alkane into a prefix and a suffix
      - Step 5: Place more dashes (- or | ) to represent other covalent bonds around each carbon atom so that each carbon atom is surrounded by 4 dashes (covalent bonds)
      - Step 4: Draw the required number of carbon atoms in a line with a dash (-) between each pair of carbon atoms to represent the single covalent bond
      - Step 6: Place a hydrogen atom (H) at the end of any covalent bond (dash) that is not used to bond to a carbon atom (C)
      - 2-pentene
    - - Count the number of carbon atoms in the longest chain in a way that makes the double bond have the lowest number
        
        Identify the position of the alkyl group
        
        Name the alkyl group
        
        If the alkyl group occurs more than once’s then use ( di, tri, tetra)
        
        If there is a different alkyl group write them according to the alphabetical order
        
        Use ( , ) between number and number , use ( - ) between number and name
        
        2-methyl-1-butene
    - - Number the cycloalkenes. When numbering the carbons of the cycloalkenes, start with double bond so that the double bond have the lowest number
      - cyclo hexane