Bonding
giant Covalent
Ionic
diamond
sand
Graphite
Diamond is a rare, naturally occurring mineral composed of carbon. Each carbon atom in a diamond is surrounded by four other carbon atoms and connected to them by strong covalent bonds.
Most of the rock-forming minerals on the Earth’s surface are found in sand. The most common component of sand is quartz. This is because quartz is abundant, hard, nearly insoluble in water, and resistant to chemical decay
Synthetic graphite is made from hard coal or coke in an electric furnace.
covalent
simple covalent
metalic
Atoms that gain or lose electrons are called ions, ions may have a negative charge or positive charge. Nonmetals lose electrons to gain negative charge and form anions, whereas metals lose electrons to gain positive charge and form cations.
Covalent compounds have bonds where electrons are shared between atoms. Due to the sharing of electrons, they exhibit characteristic physical properties that include lower melting points and electrical conductivity compared to ionic compounds.