Hcl, lactose, maltase, sucrose, pepsin, tripsin, intrinsic factor, Gastric lipase, and bile are all different chemicals and enzymes that he will be secreting into his food via the digestive tract.
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Vitamin supplements need to be added to his diet so that was he gets all the correct nutrients that he would normally get naturally if his digestive system absorbed them themselves.
Risks being slightly dehydrated; the small intestine does help in absorption of water. Since part of the small intestine will be bypassed you run a slight risk.
He will need mostly already blended food for his feeding tube, since he wont be chewing his food before it enters the small intestine for digestion