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skeletal Heidi Martinez Period. 1 (parts of the the skeleton system:…
skeletal Heidi Martinez Period. 1
parts of the the skeleton system:
bones- 20 percent of your body is body mass
joints- junction of 2 or more bones
cartilage- supports flexibility and resilience
ligaments- fasten bone to bone
Bone classification:
Long Bone: are longer that they are wide i.e arm, legs ect.
short Bone: are squared and cubed shaped, i.e wrist, ankle and patella
Flat Bone: flat, thin bone, often curved i.e skull plates, ribs
Irregular Bone: old irregular shape, i.e pelvis vertebrae, scapula
six types of synovial Joints
Ball-and-Socket: wide range of motion is possible (multi-axial)
condylar joint: various of functions/ motuion
plane joints: a back and forth motion; the joints of the wrist and ankle
Hinge joints: a convex surface fits into a concave surface
Pivot joint: a cylindrical surface rotates within a ring bone/ fibrous tissue
Saddle joints: a permit movements in two plane (biaxial)
Types of Bone Fractures:
1) Comminuted Fracture: broken into more than 3 pieces
2) Compression Fracture: bone is crushed/ collapsed itself
3) Depressed Fracture: bone is pressed inwards or dented
4) Impacted Fracture: broken bone forced into each other
5) Spiral Fracture: ragged break from twisting force applied to the bone
6) Greenstick Fracture: bone break incompletely
Bone Cells:
Osteocytes- mature bone cells
Osteoblasts- bone forming cell (builds)
Osteoclasts- bone destroying cells
Two Division of the Skeleton System:
Axial Skeleton:
-a long axis of the body, skull, vertebrae and thorax
-80 bones
Appendicular skeleton:
-a upper/lower limbs and gridie (shoulder bone and hip bone)
-126 bones