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sleep (seizures and epilepsy (seizure: abnormal synchronous firing signal,…
sleep
seizures and epilepsy
seizure: abnormal synchronous firing signal
generalized seizures: entire cerebral cortex
partial seizure: certain area
absence seizure
epilepsy: trigger repeated seizures
study method
EEG (electroencephalography)
rhythms
gamma: 30~80 Hz
beta: 15~30 Hz
alpha: 8~13 Hz
theta: 4~7 Hz
delta: less than 4 Hz
spindle: 8~14 Hz
ripple: 80~200 Hz
mechanism
synchronized oscillation mechanism
thalamus: pacemaker
stages of sleep
hypnogogic hallucination
suppress certain cortical arousal
dead to the world
MEG (magnetoelectroencephalography)
comparison
EEG&MEG:
faster change detectable
not detailed
sleep & epilepsy
neuron activity
fMRI & PET:
change in blood flow/metabolism
functional states of brain
awake
non-REM sleep
REM sleep
reason
restoration
adaptation
sleep cycle:
~90 mins
more REM, less nREM
REM refractory time: ~30 mins
awake
alpha, beta, gamma
controlled
stage 1
theta
slow eye movement
stage 2
K complexes & spindles
eye movement stopped
stage 3
large amplitude, delta
few eye & body movement
stage 4
large EEG wave
no movement
REM
beta, gamma
rapid eye movement