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Bone System Evelyn Higareda P.1 (FOOT BONES (tarsal bone (ankle),…
Bone System Evelyn Higareda P.1
FOOT BONES
tarsal bone (ankle)
calcaneus
talus
navicular bone
medial cuneiform bone
intermediate cuneiform bone
lateral cuneiform bone
cuboid bone
metatarsus bones
metatarsal bone
phalanges
proximal pahlanges
intermediate phalanges
distal phalanges
LEG BONE
femur
patella
tibia
fibula
HAND BONES
scaphoid bone
lunate bone
triquetral bone
pisiform bone
trapezium
trapezoid bone
capitate bone
hamate bone
metacarpus bones (palm)
metacarpal bones
phalanges
proximal phalanges
intermediate phalanges
distal phalanges
CRANIAL AND FACIAL BONES
frontal bone
parietal bone
temporal bone
occitpital bone
sphenoid bone
ethmoid bone
mandible
maxilla
palatine bone
zygomatic bone
nasal bone
lacrimal bone
vomer
inferior nasal conchae
TYPES OF BONES
long bones: longer than they are wide, support the weight of body and located in the appendicular skeleton
short bone: about as long as they are wide cube shaped provide stability and movment, located in the wrist and ankle joints
irregular bone: have complex shapes help protect internal organs
flat bone: protect internal organs in brain, heart, and pelvic organs
JOINTS
bursas- fluid filled sacs
strong ligaments-tough elastic band of connective tissue
ligaments-connect bones together
cartilage-helps reduce the friction of movement within joint
synovial membrane- lines the joint and seals it into a joint capsule
tendons-another type of tough connective tissue , connect muscles to bone
synovial fluid- clear, sticky fluid secreted by synovial membrane
meniscus- curved part of cartilage in the knee and other joints
FRACTURE REPAIR
transverse fracture: horizontal lime
stable fracture: broken ends of bone line up and are barely out of place
open compound fracture: skin may be pierced by bone or by blow that breaks the skin at the time of the fracture
oblique fracture: has an angel pattern
comminuted fracture: bone shatters into three+ pieces
DIAPHSIS vs. EPIPHYSIS
diaphysis: the main/ midsection of long bone made up of cortical bone surrounds the central marrow cavity
epiphysis: rounded end of long bone has adjacent bones
BONE REMODELING: process that bone is renewed to maintain bone strength and mineralhomeostasis