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THE ROOT (CHARACTERS (descending no green portion, develops from radicle,…
THE ROOT
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MODIFICATIONS
TAP ROOTS
For food
- primary tap may get swollen
- hypocotyl stores food while secondary roots remain thin
- stems: reduced to narrow green discs
- leaves from such stem - Radical leaves
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Napiform - Brassica rapa, Beta Vulgaris
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Pneumatophores - Mangrove
- respiratory roots
- plants growing in saline swamps
- negatively geotropic
- grow vertically up
- lenticels / pneumathodes for exchange of gas
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Nodulated - Leguminous plants
- Rhizobium inside cortical cells
- pink due to leghaemaglobin
ADVENTITIOUS ROOTS
Floating and Respiratory - Jussiaea
- develop from stem nodes
- white, spongy,abv water level
-makes plant light
Food
Tuberous Roots - Ipomoea batatas
- modified into tuberous or swollen structure
- single no definite shape
- adventitious buds
Fasciculated roots - Dahlia, Asparagus
- several tubular roots in cluster
Mechanical Support
Stilt Roots
Zea mays, Saccharum Officiarum,
Pennisetum typhoides
Prop Roots - Ficus benghalenis
- aerial roots
- root caps present
Climbing Roots - Piper, Beetle, Ivy
- arise from nodes
- twine around support
- produce viscous substance
- adhesive discs
Photosynthetic / Assimilatory -
Tinospora, Trapa
- aerial
- phtosynthesis - have chlorophyll
Epiphytic - Orchids, Vanda, Dendrobium
- aerial
- velamen, spongy tissue
- absorbs moisture from atmosphere
Haustorial - Cuscuta, Viscum
- penetrate into host till xylem and phloem and absorb nourishment
- partial parasite - absorb only water and minerals