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backup - or whatever ((Deaf-Blindness Low incidence (What it means (“Deaf…

- - - - School-age children, including preschoolers
        
        Special Education Services (Part B of IDEA)
        
        Services
        
        If not already in place, public school system must make services available even for an upcoming four year old not yet in the system
        
        Cost
        
        Free through public school special education services
      - Children to age 3
        
        Early Intervention Services (Part C of IDEA)Eligible under Infants and Toddlers with Disabilities program
        of IDEA
        
        Cost
        
        Free to Families
        
        Sliding cost scale based on family income
        
        Services
        
        Designed to address the child's developmental and learning needs
    - - Interpreters
        
        Depending on the student’s need, an interpreter may be used to relay the information within a class setting, either audibly or visually
      - Classroom modifications
        
        Teachers arrange the layout of the classroom to the students needs
      - Handout accommodations
        
        Teacher may convert class readings for the student to larger print, Braille or audiotape
    - - Computer Adaptation
        
        Purpose
        
        Provides opportunity for students to access general curriculum
        
        Examples
        
        Braille translation software
        
        converts print into Braille and Braille into print
        
        Braille printer
        
        connects to a computer and embosses Braille on paper
        
        Screen reader
        
        converts text on a computer screen to audible speech
        
        Refreshable Braille display
        
        converts text on computer to Braille by an output device connect to the computer
        
        Screen enlargement software
        
        Increases the size of text and images on a computer screen
      - Assistive Listening Devices (ALDs)
        
        These electrical devices has three components; a microphone, a transmitter, and a receiver. The teacher speaks into the mic, the transmitter sends the sound more clearly directly into the student’s ear.
      - Telecommunication Devices
        
        A telecommunication device for the deaf (TDD) connects a phone to an operator that includes braille output. Similar to text messages on smartphones.
    - - “Deaf-blindness means concomitant hearing and visual impairments, the combination of which causes such severe communication and other developmental and educational needs that they cannot be accommodated in special education programs solely for children with deafness or children with blindness.”
        
        https://youtu.be/NHTESamong4
      - Examples/Causes
        
        Major Causes
        
        Syndromes
        
        Usher
        
        Trisomy 13
        
        Down
        
        Multiple Congenital Anomalies
        
        Hydrocephaly
        
        Fetal alcohol syndrome
        
        Maternal drug abuse
        
        C.H.A.R.G.E Syndrome
        
        Microcephaly
        
        Prematurity
        
        Congenital Prenatal Dysfunction
        
        Herpes
        
        Rubella
        
        Syphillis
        
        Toxoplasmosis
        
        AIDS
        
        Post-natal Causes
        
        Asphyxia
        
        Encephalitis
        
        Head injury/trauma
        
        Meningitis
        
        Stroke
      - Some people are born with Deaf-Blindness.
      - Some people are born one or the other and develop the opposite later in life.
      - Some are born without without such disabilities but lose some or both of their hearing or eye sight due to accident or illness.
      - Deaf-Blindness also is accompanied by disabilities such as maternal rubella. Whether the DeafBlindness is caused by the listed syndromes or injuries, they tend to lead to cognitive and physical disabilities which compromise learning in the classroom.
      - https://youtu.be/d8Hdbi5slCg
- - - - Purpose
        
        To accommodate the student by modifying the learning environment to the students' needs.
      - Examples
        
        Instructional accommodations/modifications
        
        Provide Graph paper
        
        Permit Frequent breaks
        
        Utilize instructional software
        
        Word prediction
        
        Text to speech
        
        Offer full visual access
        
        Reduce or eliminate copy work
        
        Give time for free movement in class
        
        Allow varied responses
        
        Accept alternative to writing
        
        Encouraged a variety of responses such as yes or no, blinking, facial, or device
        
        Modify seating arrangements
        
        Computer Access
        
        Modified keyboards
        
        Adapted mouses
        
        Touch screen
    - - Information access devices
        
        Purpose
        
        To aid student in accessing educational material
        
        Examples
        
        Speech recognition software
        
        Screen reading software
        
        Augmentative and alternative communication devices (such as communication boards
        
        Academic software package
      - Positioning and mobility devices
        
        Purposes
        
        To aid student in educational activity participation
        
        Examples
        
        Crutches
        
        Walkers
        
        Wheelchairs
        
        Canes
        
        Specialized
        
        chairs
        
        desks
        
        tables
        
        exercise equipment
      - Adaptive writing materials
        
        Purpose
        
        To make the learning process as smooth and seamless as possible
        
        Examples
        
        Raised line paper
        
        Pencil grip
        
        Slant board
    - - Examples/Causes
        
        Orthopedic Impairments
        
        Congenital anomaly
        
        Clubfoot
        
        Absence of limb
        
        Disease
        
        Poliomyelitis
        
        Bone tuberculosis
        
        Other causes
        
        Amputations
        
        Fractures or burns that cause contractures
        
        Cerebral palsy
        
        https://youtu.be/g95TO20hnmo
      - Orthopedic impairment means a severe orthopedic impairment that adversely affects a child’s educational performance.
      - Although some students may have other issues, most with orthopaedic impairments require specific accommodations to foster a better learning environment.
    - - Purpose
        
        Interventions are necessary for the benefit of the student with disabilities and the school environment in general.
      - Examples
        
        Awareness
        
        Teachers must be aware of symptoms of medical conditions and side effects in the classroom
        
        Teacher must be prepared to take proper actions when necessary
        
        Teacher needs knowledge of additional support necessities of student around the school
        
        Change
        
        Teacher must be flexible in lesson planning and out of the ordinary changes in the classroom environment
      - Additional helpful information
    - - Accommodations
        
        Purpose
        
        To accommodate the student by modifying the learning environment to the students' needs.
        
        Examples
        
        Instructional accommodations/modifications
        
        Provide Graph paper
        
        Permit Frequent breaks
        
        Utilize instructional software
        
        Word prediction
        
        Text to speech
        
        Offer full visual access
        
        Reduce or eliminate copy work
        
        Give time for free movement in class
        
        Allow varied responses
        
        Accept alternative to writing
        
        Encouraged a variety of responses such as yes or no, blinking, facial, or device
        
        Modify seating arrangements
        
        Computer Access
        
        Modified keyboards
        
        Adapted mouses
        
        Touch screen
      - Assistive Technology
        
        Information access devices
        
        Purpose
        
        To aid student in accessing educational material
        
        Examples
        
        Speech recognition software
        
        Screen reading software
        
        Augmentative and alternative communication devices (such as communication boards
        
        Academic software package
        
        Positioning and mobility devices
        
        Purposes
        
        To aid student in educational activity participation
        
        Examples
        
        Crutches
        
        Walkers
        
        Wheelchairs
        
        Canes
        
        Specialized
        
        chairs
        
        desks
        
        tables
        
        exercise equipment
        
        Adaptive writing materials
        
        Purpose
        
        To make the learning process as smooth and seamless as possible
        
        Examples
        
        Raised line paper
        
        Pencil grip
        
        Slant board
      - What it means
        
        Examples/Causes
        
        Orthopedic Impairments
        
        Congenital anomaly
        
        Clubfoot
        
        Absence of limb
        
        Disease
        
        Poliomyelitis
        
        Bone tuberculosis
        
        Other causes
        
        Amputations
        
        Fractures or burns that cause contractures
        
        Cerebral palsy
        
        https://youtu.be/g95TO20hnmo
        
        Orthopedic impairment means a severe orthopedic impairment that adversely affects a child’s educational performance.
        
        Although some students may have other issues, most with orthopaedic impairments require specific accommodations to foster a better learning environment.
      - Interventions
        
        Purpose
        
        Interventions are necessary for the benefit of the student with disabilities and the school environment in general.
        
        Examples
        
        Awareness
        
        Teachers must be aware of symptoms of medical conditions and side effects in the classroom
        
        Teacher must be prepared to take proper actions when necessary
        
        Teacher needs knowledge of additional support necessities of student around the school
        
        Change
        
        Teacher must be flexible in lesson planning and out of the ordinary changes in the classroom environment
        
        Additional helpful information
      - Orthopedic Impairment Low incidence
        
        Accommodations
        
        Purpose
        
        To accommodate the student by modifying the learning environment to the students' needs.
        
        Examples
        
        Instructional accommodations/modifications
        
        Provide Graph paper
        
        Permit Frequent breaks
        
        Utilize instructional software
        
        Word prediction
        
        Text to speech
        
        Offer full visual access
        
        Reduce or eliminate copy work
        
        Give time for free movement in class
        
        Allow varied responses
        
        Accept alternative to writing
        
        Encouraged a variety of responses such as yes or no, blinking, facial, or device
        
        Modify seating arrangements
        
        Computer Access
        
        Modified keyboards
        
        Adapted mouses
        
        Touch screen
        
        Assistive Technology
        
        Information access devices
        
        Purpose
        
        To aid student in accessing educational material
        
        Examples
        
        Speech recognition software
        
        Screen reading software
        
        Augmentative and alternative communication devices (such as communication boards
        
        Academic software package
        
        Positioning and mobility devices
        
        Purposes
        
        To aid student in educational activity participation
        
        Examples
        
        Crutches
        
        Walkers
        
        Wheelchairs
        
        Canes
        
        Specialized
        
        chairs
        
        desks
        
        tables
        
        exercise equipment
        
        Adaptive writing materials
        
        Purpose
        
        To make the learning process as smooth and seamless as possible
        
        Examples
        
        Raised line paper
        
        Pencil grip
        
        Slant board
        
        What it means
        
        Examples/Causes
        
        Orthopedic Impairments
        
        Congenital anomaly
        
        Clubfoot
        
        Absence of limb
        
        Disease
        
        Poliomyelitis
        
        Bone tuberculosis
        
        Other causes
        
        Amputations
        
        Fractures or burns that cause contractures
        
        Cerebral palsy
        
        https://youtu.be/g95TO20hnmo
        
        Orthopedic impairment means a severe orthopedic impairment that adversely affects a child’s educational performance.
        
        Although some students may have other issues, most with orthopaedic impairments require specific accommodations to foster a better learning environment.
        
        Interventions
        
        Purpose
        
        Interventions are necessary for the benefit of the student with disabilities and the school environment in general.
        
        Examples
        
        Awareness
        
        Teachers must be aware of symptoms of medical conditions and side effects in the classroom
        
        Teacher must be prepared to take proper actions when necessary
        
        Teacher needs knowledge of additional support necessities of student around the school
        
        Change
        
        Teacher must be flexible in lesson planning and out of the ordinary changes in the classroom environment
        
        Additional helpful information