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Clostridum tetani (Downstream causes (Nervous system (bacteria spread to…
Clostridum tetani
Downstream causes
Nervous system
bacteria spread to central nervous system
produce a toxin called tetanospasmin
block nerve signals from spinal cords
leads to severe muscle spams
muscular system
cause muscular contractions in the jaw and neck
muscle spasms causes arching
called opisthodomos
spasms affect muscles that help with breathing
leading to breathing problems
Lymphatic system
tetani bacteria produce potent toxins
goes through bloodstream and lymphatic system
Upstream Causes
tetanospasmin acts by blocking release of inhibitory transmitters
glycine and gamma- aminobutyric acid at nerve endings
block nerve signals
went to tattoo parlor that was not sanitary
dirty needles
transferred a bacteria called clostridium tetani
Physiology
nervous system
brain, spinal cord, sensory organs, and nerves.
control of the body and communication
motor and integration
muscular system
mobility-allow movement
stability-muscle tendons stretch over joints
posture
circulation
respiration
Lymphatic system
removal of fluid from tissues
absorbs and transports fatty acids
transports white blood cells
transports from lymph nodes into the bones
Anatomy
nervous system
muscular system
lymphatic system
unipolar neurons
bipolar
multipolar
Normal processes
action potential arrive at axon terminal
voltage gated channels open
cause influx of ca2+ into axon terminal
cause acetylcholine into synaptic cleft
ach bind to receptors on motor end plate of muscle cell
reach to threshold
action potential is on sarcolemma and down t tubules
cause depolarization of t-tubules and release of Ca2+
from terminal cisternae of sarcoplasmic reticulum
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process of summation
summation is addition of Psps
temporal summation
repeated sending of an PSP
from one cell to another, same neuron firing, signals separated by time
Spatial summation
repeated sending of PSP from two cells to another.
signals separated by space, two neurons firing
excitation contraction coupling
Unipolar neurons
Bipolar
neurons with two extensions from cell body
found in special sensory organs
function- motor neuron
Multipolar
neurons with multiple extensions from cell body
most abundant in the body
function- interneuron
neurons with one extension off their cell body
found in dorsal root ganglia of spinal cord
function: sensory neuron
excitatory neurotransmitters
open channels that depolarize the membrane
sodium generates excitatory
Inhibitory neurotransmitters
open channels that depolarize the membrane
potassium and chloride generate inhibitory
Clostridium tetani
tetanus toxin is produced
affects interaction between nerve and muscle it stimulates
action potential
axon terminal
acetylcholine
terminal cisternae
sarcoplasmic reticulum
troponin
myosin
g actin
summation
temporal summation
spatial summation
excitatory neurotransmitters
sodium
Inhibitory neurotransmitters
potassium and chloride
clostridium tetani
tetanus toxin