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Chapters 8 & 9 (Anaerobic Cellular Respiration (Fermentation (Two…

- - - - Alcoholic
      - Lactic acid
  - - - In EoTH fermentation, pyruvic acid is converted to CO2 and ethanol
      - recycle NAD+ to keep glycolysis working
    - - lactic acid fermentation, pryuvic acid is converted to lactic acid
      - as in alcoholic fermentation, NAD+ is recycled
      - lactic acid fermentation is used to make cheese and yogurt
  - - - spontaneous
      - delta G(release)
      - increase entropy
      - Exergonic
    - - non-spontaneous
      - delata G (adding)
      - decrease entropy
      - Endergonic
- - - - Reactants
        
        2 Acetyl CoA, 6 NAD+ from ETS, 2 ADP + 2P, 2 FAD from ETS
      - Products
        
        4 CO2, 6 NADH go to ETS, 2 FADH2 go to ETS, 2 ATP
  - - - Covalent bonds are broken (catabolic)
      - Converts 4 ADP into 4 ATP: 2 NAD + into 2 NADH (go to ETS)
      - Glucose has 6 carbons, so by breaking them, we get 3 molecules
      - Net gain of 2 ATP
      - Noted: 2 ATP are used o make 4 ATP, so you increased to the ATP country by 2
      - Reactants
        
        1 Glucose , 2 NAD + from ETS, 2 ADP + 2P
        
        Products
        
        2 ATP, 2 pyruvic acid, 2 NADH go to ETS, 2H+
  - - - Reactants
        
        10 NADH, 2 FADH2, O2, H+, ADP, P
      - Products
        
        H2O, 32 or 34 ATP, NAD+, FAD
  - - - Reactants
        
        2 pyruvic acid, 2 NAD+ from ETS, 2 coenzyme A
      - Products
        
        2 CO2, 2 NADH-go to ETS, 2 Acetyl CoA
- - - - initial investment of energy for starting a reaction the energy required to contort the reactant molecules so the bonds can break