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Chapter 8&9 (Chapter 8 (Metabolism property of life that arises from…
Chapter 8&9
Chapter 8
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metabolic pathways are specific routes that specific molecule takes, gets catalyzed, and ends with a product
Catabolic means breaking down so it releases energy by breaking down complex molecules into smaller simpler compounds
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Endergonic reactions are reactions that absorbs free energy from its surroundings and its not spontaneous.
ATP is the form of energy that is mainly talked about in this chapter and is used for almost everything within the cell.
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Krebs cycle the two reactants that get reduced are NAD+ and NADH and they're already inside the cell and they help out with electron transport.
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2 acetyl groups+ 6 NAD+ + 2 FAD + 2ADP + 2P = 4 CO2, 6 NADH, 6H, 2 FADH, and 2 ATP. This is the equation for krebs cycle.
Chapter 9
fermintation is a partial degradation of sugars or other organic fuels that occur without the use of oxygen.
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NAD+ is an example of this. NAD when its reduced becomes NADH and thats when it lost some electrons.
Electron transport chain is a chain of mostly proteins that are located in the inner membrane of mitochondria and they help move the NADH and they move them to oxygen to make water.
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The steps cellular respiration follow are glucose breaking down into NADH and NADH is taken away by electron transport chain and the proton motive force happens and then ATP is made.
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Glycolysis means sugar splitting and thats exactly what it does by splitting sugar into two three carbon sugars.
Glycolysis can be split into two categories, the energy investment phase and the energy payoff phase. The former is repaid with ATP after spending ATP and the latter is where that ATP is made.
After all of this sugar splitting and oxidation we go to the krebs cycle which is covered in the other branch and after krebs
Electron transport chains are cellular mechanisms used for extracting energy from sunlight in photosynthesis.
The electron transport chain works like a pump by pumping protons into the intermembrane space of the mitochondria.
Proton gradient is the gradient formed by the difference in proton concentrations across a membrane.
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Oxidative phosphorylation is used for transferring electrons from a high energy electron donor to an acceptor via transport chain.
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