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E219 Week 5 Emotion (different cultures (https://learn2.open.ac…
E219 Week 5 Emotion
different cultures
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eg- plate of crickets- disgust or delight? depends on cultural norms/expectations. ( I think food a bad example- parmesan-me v dave.)
Tibetans no direct translation for 'anger' is this cos do not recognise it as we do?? language is nuanced- maybe lung lang= mortified. did they have a word for livid?
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says Tibetans have negative feelings towards anger ( which is same as parenting advice) US impartial - can be good to 'let off steam'
flaws; who was asked?
how many?
all backgrounds?
what were questions exactly?
ages? any correlation between the 2 cultures so only location differed?
US diff from UK diff from France etc etc
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spoilt child- Can culture override a physiological emotion response (e.g. a surge of adrenalin) and, if not, is there an innate element to an emotional response?
we may all experience a similar feeling to an event but how we process or express the emotion will depend on cultural expectation
- mutual amplification- babies smile & coo from 2 months as response to carer smile/talk and it is cyclical.
3 Dynamic systems approach to emotion development proposes that infants are complex systems operating within complex environments
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- 1st month neutral attention
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Activity 4 The emotional effects of sudden carer unresponsiveness- links to the still face paradigm (SFP) - Tronick et al. (1978)
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intro audio
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most interesting recent findings- the correlation/ continuity between humans and other animals emotionality- eg.laughter in rats
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book: The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals (1872),
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some modern researches agree in part - Freedman, 1964) all babies (even blind) smile in sleep, but Wolff, 1963) say involuntary at birth like sucking. social smiles come later.
weeping, laughter and grief
Ekman (1999) study
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Russell (1994) argued choices should not have been given but Frank and Stennett (2001) gave list of options plus 'none of the above' and concluded, like Ekman, too many in agreement to be chance.
post natal depression
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Pickens and Field (1993)- split mums into 3 groups based on Beck Depression Inventory (depressed, poss mild D(as scored low) and not depressed. observed 3 min play/interaction. Infants in D group displayed most sad/angry facial expressions and seemed least interested in parent (not said in module materials = poor attachment)
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children who display greater emotion knowledge have mothers who are emotionally expressive, and exhibit low rates of anger and sadness (Camras et al., 1990).
- = more likely be popular and make academic progress.*
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bad examples of still face paradigm - I think babies too young so not displaying engagement in version 1 to show enough contrast. look disinterested in mother at start. B does get more vocal but maybe filling silence- maybe she should let him speak more in active face version?
Experiments- using naturally occurring variables as to set up would be unethical- PND, absent fathers (akin to feral children) separated twins = quasi-experiments