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Asthma (Risk Factors (Genetically predisposed, Exposure to irritants,…
Asthma
Risk Factors
Genetically predisposed
Exposure to irritants
Allergies
Obesity
Smoking/Second hand smoke
Previous exacerbation
Epidemiology
8.4% of children
More common in boys
Leading chronic disease in children
Highest prevalence in African Americans
Pathophysiology
Bronchial Hyperresponsiveness
Stimuli
Exogenous
Endogenous
Airflow Obstruction
Edema
Mucous Formation
Immune Response
Adaptive
Innate
Airway Inflammation
Epithelial Cells
Eosinophils
Mast Cells
Macrophages
Activated T lymphocytes
Chronic
Treatment
Stepwise Approach
Education
Medications
Low dose inhaled corticosteroid
Long-Acting Beta Agonists
Leukotriene receptor antagonists
Theophylline
Clinical Presentation
Coughing
Wheezing
Chest pain/tightness
Diagnosis
Physical Assessment
Family History
Lung function tests
Medical History
Allergy Testing
Chest Xray
Sputum Eosinophils
Exacerbation/Attack
Clinical Presentation
Cyanosis
Retractions
Coughing
Difficulty breathing
Wheezing
Inspiratory
Expiratory
Chest tightness
Shortness of breathe
Tachypnea
Diaporesis
Diminished breath sounds
Treatment
Medications
Oral/IV corticosteroids
Short-acting beta agonists
Nebulizer/Inhaler
Albuterol
Ipratropium
Oxygen therapy
Education
Triggers
Diagnosis