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ECOLOGY (Levels of Organisation (levelsoforganisationinecology, organism -…
ECOLOGY
Levels of Organisation
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organism - any unicellular or multicellular form exhibiting all of the characters of life - an individual
population - a group organisms of one species living in the same place at the same time that interbreed and produce FERTILE offspring and that compete with each other for resources
community - several interacting populations that inhabit a common environment and are interdependent
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Feeding Relationships
Producer/Consumer
Autotrophs (PRODUCERS)
organisms that produce their own energy using light, water, CO2 or other chemicals
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Heterotrophs (CONSUMERS)
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Secondary, Tertiary, etc. - eat animals - prey, carnivores
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Nutrient Cycles
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Nitrogen Cycle
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nitrogen fixation - convert atmosphere nitrogen (N2) into ammonium (NH4+) which can be used to make organic compounds like amino acids
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Trophic Levels
each link in a food chain is known as a trophic level - represents a feeding step in the transfer of energy and matter in an ecosystem
Biomass
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as you move up a food chain, both available energy and biomass decrease
energy is transferred upwards, but it's diminished with each transfer
as you move up a food chain, the potency of toxins increase - called BIOLOGICAL MAGNIFICATION
Definition
the scientific study of interactions between organisms (living) and their environments, focusing on energy transfer
