Please enable JavaScript.

Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.

23-year-old with severe face and arm muscle spasms. He can hardly speak…

- - - - severe muscle spasms
- - - - choke
        
        suffocation
        
        death
    - - heart failure
    - - voice box has spasms
        
        difficulty breathing
        
        suffocation
- - - - affecting circulation and breathing
        
        blood clot
- - - - destruction of skeletal muscles
        
        muscle protein leaks into urine
        
        kidney failure
- - - - Bipolar
      - Unipolar
      - Multipolar
    - - Integrating
      - Motor
      - Sensory
  - - - kidney
    - - masseter
      - neck
      - respirartory muscles
      - arm
    - - lungs
    - - spinal cord
      - brain
- - - - Neurotransmitter opens channels
        
        allows sodium potassium to pass through at the same time
        
        electrochemical gradient allows more sodium than potassium to pass through
        
        depolarizes the membrane
        
        Chemically gated ion channel
        
        potassium
    - - Neurotransmitter opens channels
        
        allow either chloride OR sodium to pass through
        
        hyperpolarize the membrane
        
        chemically gated ion channel
        
        chloride
        
        sodium
  - - - rapidly firing presynaptic neuron
        
        EPSPs are close in time
        
        summation brings the axons initial segment to threshold
        
        action potential fires
    - - generated at different locations on the neuron
        
        summation brings the axons initial segment to threshold and an AP fires
    - - slow firing presynaptic neuron
        
        causes EPSPs that are far apart in time
        
        threshold not reached so action potential is not generated
  - - - Chemically gated Sodium channels open
        
        Membrane of muscle fiber depolarizes
        
        voltage gated channels open
        
        calcium binds to troponin
        
        tropomyosin unblocks the myosin binding sites on actin
        
        myosin attaches to (and slides past) actin
        
        membrane becomes more positive
  - - - bipolar
        
        two extensions off of the cell body
      - multipolar
        
        many extensions off of the cell body
      - unipolar
        
        one extension off of the cell body
    - - integrating neurons
        
        interneuron
        
        processes the information and predicts the right response
      - motor neuron
        
        Efferent neurons
        
        send directions for the right response
      - sensory neurons
        
        collect information from receptors
        
        Afferent neurons
  - - - interferes with motor neurons
  - - - kidney
        
        maintaining overall fluid balance
        
        regulating and filtering minerals from blood
    - - arm
        
        brachialis
        
        coracobrachialis
        
        biceps brachii
        
        tricep brachii
      - masseter
        
        assists in chewing and biting
        
        pull the lower jaw upward
      - neck
        
        provide structural support of the head
        
        move the neck and head
      - respiratory muscles
        
        assist in exhalation and inhalation
        
        aid in the expansion of the thoracic cavity
    - - lungs
        
        process of gas exchange called respiration
    - - brain
      - spinal cord
- - - - spasms