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BONE FRACTURE (Fractures (Simple (Closed) (Broken bone not penetrating…

- - - - Compact Bone
      - Periosteum
        
        Inner Cellular Layer
        
        Perforating Fibers,
        
        Outer Fibrous Layer of dense irregular CT
      - ENDOsteum
        
        Covers internal surface of bone within Medullary Cavity
        
        Osteogenic Cells, Osteoblasts, Osteoclasts
      - Medullary
        
        RED Bone Marrow in childern
        
        Yellow bone Marrow in Adults
    - - Composed
        
        Outer thin layer of compact bone
        
        Inner region of spongy bone
      - Proximal, Closest to trunk
      - Distal, Farthest from trunk
      - Articilar Cartilage
        
        Thin layer of Hyaline Cartilage
        
        Reducese Friction
        
        Cover joint surface
        
        Adsords Shock in movable joints
    - - Epiphyseal (growth) Plate/Disk, Lengthwise bone growth
      - Thin layer of hyaline cartilage
      - Epiphyseal Line, in adults, remnant of plate
  - - - Makes Gooey Collagen Matrix (Organic)
        
        Gives bone Tensile Strength
        
        Contributes to bone flexibility
      - Makes Calcium Salts (Hydoxyapatite) Inorganic
        
        Crystal deposit around collagen fibers
        
        Hardens matrix, resists compression
      - Differentiates into Osteocytes
    - - Maintain Mineral concentration of bone matrix
      - Dtion of new bone Matrixeposi
      - Detect mechanical stress on bones
    - - Located in periosteum & Marrow
      - Only bone cell that divises
        
        Stem cells
        
        Develop into osteoblast " committed cell"
    - - Large, Multinuclei, Phagocytic cells
      - From fused blood stem cells, so multiple nuclei
      - Involved in bone resorption
- - - - Epiphyseal side, cartilage grows
      - Diaphyseal side, bone grows, hence shaft grow in length
        
        Prolifeative
        
        Mitosis happens here
        
        Hypertrophic
        
        Chondrocytes mature
        
        Calcification
        
        Calcified cartilage stalactites
        
        Ossification
        
        Osteoblast secrete bone tissue