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Molecular perspective on cancer (gene mutations (Proto-oncogenes…
Molecular perspective on cancer
gene mutations
disrupts cellular relations and results in the
dysfunction of vital genes
may be caused by chemical compounds
influence directly or indirectly the cytoplasm and nucleus of cells
Proto-oncogenes responsible for cell division become oncogenes
most dangerous for cell existence
point mutation
chromosomal translocation
deletion
amplification
insertion activation
viruses, radiation, and bacteria as carcinogenic factors
Epigenetics
vast reduction in DNA methylation
Overall reduction of monoacetylated H4K16
forms histone modifications
all families of chromatin modifying proteins
mutation in p53
formation of an unusual protein
disturbance of molecular
process related to p53
formation of cancer cells
majority occur in the DNA-binding position
Hypomethylation
repeated sequences and leads to an increase of movement
deletion of
genes as well as chromosomal instability
can activate the
ectopic expression of oncogens
reduction of its expression and a disturbance in the normal structure of chromatin
changes in the position of
nucleosomes
leads to suppression of transcription by promoter
hypermethylation