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Biology Revision (Cell Organelles (Cell Membrane (Controls what enters and…
Biology Revision
Cell Organelles
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Chloroplast
Is the site of photosynthesis, where sunlight, water and carbon dioxide are use to produce glucose and oxygen.
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Mitochondria
Is the site of respiration where glucose and oxygen are used to produce carbon dioxide and water and to release energy.
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Specialised Cells
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Photosynthetic cells
They contain green structures called chloroplasts containing chlorophyll that trap light needed for photosynthesis.
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Xylem cells
The xylem cells are alive when they are first formed but a special chemical called lignin builds up in spirals in the cell walls. The cells die and form hollow tubes that allow water and mineral ions to move easily through them.
The spirals and rings of lignin in the xylem cells make them very strong and help them withstand the pressure of the water moving the plant.
Simple Virus
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Viruses are on the border between a living organism and a non living chemical because they don't feed, respire, grow, move or respond to their surroundings, but they do reproduce parasitically.
Converting Units
If something has a magnification of times 3, for example, and the width of the image is 10cm then you divide the image size by the magnification size.
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e.g. A white crab spider is 42mm in the image, and the magnification is times 3, you do 42%3 which is 14mm.
Stem cells
Stem cells are cells which are undifferentiated and do not have a special function. They can be turned into a variety of specialised cell types and can produce copies of themselves.
