Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Peat-Fire and Haze Problem in Malaysia (Introduction (What is peat? (It…
Peat-Fire and Haze Problem in Malaysia
Conclusion: Why and how to preserve the peat lands
Why?
Environmental buffers and natural habitats for wildlife (Brady & Weil, 2002, p. 53)
How?
The drainage of water table in peat lands must not exceed what is needed to avoid addition of greenhouse gases and decrease the rate loss of soil resources (Brady & Weil, 2002, p. 98)
Introduction
What is peat?
It can be classified as Histosols order--provided there are no permafrost and generally have "more than half of the upper 80cm of soil" of organic matter (Brady & Weil, 2002, p. 97)
Black to dark brown color
These organic deposits will accumulate up to several meters in depth (Brady & Weil, 2002, p. 52)
Peat is organic deposits like plant residues that accumulates in wet places and its decomposition is incomplete due to lack of oxygen (Brady & Weil, 2002, p. 52)
Why peat is awesome?
They make very productive agricultural soils especially woody peats--peats that come from woody plants like trees and shrubs (Brady & Weil, 2002, p. 53)
What is tropical peat lands and what is happening to them?
Occurs mainly in Asia, South America and Africa that have peat which is composed of partially decomposed wood or fragments of mosses and ferns (Leng, Ahmed, & Jalloh, 2019)
Tropical peat forest are subjected to land-use change, where around 880,000 ha of tropical peat land forest in Malaysia had changed into oil palm plantations (Kohl et al., 2011, as cited in Leng et al., 2019)
In Indonesia, the surge of rate of decomposition of peat were due to building of dams across the drainage canals which also leads to higher CO2 emission ranged from 355 Mt/yr and 855 Mt/yr in 2006 (Leng et al., 2019)
What are peat fires?
Studies done on peat fires and Haze problem in Malaysia
(Hayasaka, Noguchi, Indra Putra, Yulianti, & Vadrevu, 2002)
The study focused on vegetation fire that occur in an area called Palangkaraya, Indonesia that is located near the Mega Rice Project area
Study air pollution data like particulate matter (PM10), SO2, CO, O3, NO2 which were acquired at Air Pollution Center in Palangkaraya
Additional data collected are fire hotspots through MODIS satellite, local weather data, and field survey in peat areas that are affected with fires
Results
Results show that during the year of 2002, PM10 exhibit an increase starting from early August until mid-October where it reach its peak
However, the hotspots data shows a zigzag pattern from mid-August to late-September that doesn't corresponds to PM10 data
The paper deduced that peat fires tend to fester longer and only during the rainy season then the underground peat fires extinguished
It was found that in 2011 at Taruna (a rural village nearby the place of study), gases like sulfur dioxide and sulphate ion, which are indicators of peat fires, have higher concentration compared to 2010 and 2012.
JAP