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Skeletal System (Anatomy of Long Bone (Periosteum: outside covering of…

- - - - Clavicle (collarbone)- attaches upper limb to sternum (breast bone)
      - Scapula (shoulder blade)- attaches upper limb to back of shoulder by muscle
    - - Ilium- lateral portion ; forms majority of bone
      - Ischium- "sit-down bone"
      - Coxal (hip) bone (2 bones)- composed of three fused bones
      - Pubis- anterior portion
    - - Arm: formed by humerus, attached to scapula proximally &ulna distally
        
        Hand: Ulna medially and Radius laterally, Carpals wrist bones (8 bones), Metacarpals bones of palm of hand, phalanges finger bones
      - Lower Limb:
        
        Leg: Tibia (shinbone) attached medially (big toe), Fibula lateral (little toe)
        
        Foot: Tarsals- ankle bones, Metatarsals bones of sole of foot, Phalanges toes, Calcaneus heel bone, Talus superior to calcaneus, tibia rests on top
        
        Thigh: femur (largest bone in body), attached to coxal bone proximally, tibia (shinbone) distally
  - - - Thoracic (T1-T12): Upper back
      - Lumbar (L1-L5): Lower back
      - Cervical (C1-C7): Neck
        
        Atlas-C1 forma a ring
        
        Axis-C2 Has a spinous process &forms a ring
      - Sacrum (5 fused): Small of back, between coxal bones
    - - Maxilla- upper jaw bone
      - Mandible- lower jaw bone
      - Zygomatic- cheek bone
      - Nasal- nose
      - Palatine- together with maxilla forms. hard palate (roof of mouth)
      - Lacrimal- medial of eye socket
      - Inferior conchae- wall of nasal cavity
      - Vomer- midline of nasal cavity
    - - False Ribs: Next 5 pairs of ribs; indirectly attached to the sternum
      - Floating Ribs: Last 2 pairs of false ribs, no sternal attachments
      - True Ribs: First 7 pairs attach at the sternum
    - - Temporal- above ear
      - Occipital- back of head
      - Parietal- top sides of head
      - Sphenoid- forms floor of skull
      - Frontal- forehead
      - Ethmoid- forms roof of nasal cavity and medial portion of orbital cavity