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Chapter 10: Understanding Students with Autism (Identifying Students with…
Chapter 10: Understanding Students with Autism
Identifying Students with Autism:
Autism is a developmental disability that has been redefined in DSM-5 to include two domains—social-communication impairments and restrictive, repetitive behaviors and interests. Impairments in these domains must occur during the early childhood years and must create challenges in everyday functioning.
Autism is part of a spectrum of disorders referred to as autism spectrum disorder. The spectrum includes what used to be known as: autistic disorder, Rett syndrome, childhood disintegrative disorder, Asperger syndrome, and pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified
The current prevalence of autism is one in eighty-eight children
Autism is caused by biomedical and environmental factors as well as maternal infections
Additional characteristics include atypical language development, problem behavior, sensory and movement disorders, and differences in intellectual functioning.
Assessing Autism:
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The implementation of PBS requires a particular emphasis on creating an effective partnership among families, general and special educators, administrators, and behavior specialists, to conduct a functional assessment and translate the findings into a behavior intervention plan
PBS should be ensuring that issues pertaining to behavioral accessibility are addressed, including building and classroom supports that promote positive behavior.
Mnemonic strategies are effective curriculum adaptations and augmentations that enable students with autism to succeed in the general curriculum
Using Effective Instructional Strategies:
Social stories are effective ways to teach young children skills, particularly social interaction skills.
Positive behavior support, including schoolwide, group, and individual strategies, has been shown to decrease problem behavior and improve opportunities for learning.
Discrete trial teaching is one strategy derived from applied behavior analysis; it applies learning principles from operant psychology to provide an effective way of teaching skills to students
Students with autism are rarely included in the general education classroom
Assessing Students with Autism
Some schools and/or programs will give teachers organized ways to collect data on student progress, including progress in the general curriculum, across multiple domains.
For evaluating how well a PBS plan is working,evaluation usually focuses on collecting data on school referrals, types of problem behavior, and changes in absenteeism or tardiness.
Having a familiar person administer standardized tests may reduce test and schedule anxiety and improve their performance.