Please enable JavaScript.

Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.

network security (main threats (data interception (Sometimes called the…

- - - - Malware types include-
        
        computer virus
        
        Trojan
        
        spyware
        
        Adware
        
        pharming
        
        click fraud
        
        ransomware
        
        rootkits
        
        scareware
        
        Viruses, worms and trojan
        
        Viruses-
        This is a piece of code that is designed to replicate itself throughout the computer or network. For example it will add itself to a file on your computer and, every time the file is opened, the virus runs and once more seeks out other files to infect. Viruses can be difficult to get rid of since, if a single infected file is left, it will eventually re-infect many other files on your system.
        A virus will often be designed to delete or corrupt data.
        New viruses appear every day, and so the anti-virus companies are constantly updating their software to keep up with them.
        
        Worms-
        
        New viruses appear every day, and so the anti-virus companies are constantly updating their software to keep up with them.
        One of the most famous worms is the ILOVEYOU email worm. In 2000, it managed to infect nearly 10% of all internet connected computers, causing an estimated $8 billion in damages.
        
        Named after the famous Greek story of the Trojan Horse.
        A trojan appears to be a harmless application - a downloaded game for example. You play the game, but meanwhile it is running in the background carrying out its real intent - maybe letting someone else access to your computer.
        
        Adware, click fraud and Pharming
        
        Adware
        
        This malware can force your browser to display unwanted pop-up advertisements. It can cause pages that you didn't request to open up taking you to unwanted web sites. It can also take over your browser home page and direct you somewhere else every time you open up your browser (e.g. a porn page)
        
        click fraud
        
        Click fraud malware aims to use your computer resources to open certain web sites and send a mouse click to the adverts. Every click makes them money. You are not aware of this of course, as the activity is hidden in the background.
        
        pharming
        
        Click fraud malware aims to use your computer resources to open certain web sites and send a mouse click to the adverts. Every click makes them money. You are not aware of this of course, as the activity is hidden in the background.
        To all intents and purposes the site looks exactly the same to you. The only difference that you might notice is that the URL will be different from the genuine shop's address.
        When you enter details such as your user name and password or credit card number the fake website will be recording the information.
        
        Spyware, ransomware, scareware and rookits
        
        Spyware
        
        Spyware stays hidden out of view and is designed to spy on your computer, looking for personal information, passwords and so on.
        It does this by using a key logger to record every key pressed on the keyboard. It might also take screen shots. This information is then sent secretly over the internet to the criminals.
        Spyware is often used for identity theft or to gather passwords for bank accounts.
        
        ransomware
        
        Ransomware encrypts critical files and data, making them unusable. Eventually it presents the user with a ransom, demanding money be sent to the attackers to unlock the system.
        
        scareware
        
        Scareware will cause a pop-up to appear on your screen which will say something like 'Your computer has a virus. To clear the problem please purchase this software', and a link is provided in the pop-up.
        In reality, you do not actually have a virus. The scareware it trying to frighten you into purchasing and downloading the software which itself may actually contain malware.
        
        rookits
        
        Rootkits give other people permissions and access to your computer, allowing them to take it over remotely and do whatever they like.
        It is designed to run even before the operating system itself is booted up and it continues to stay active in the background while you are using the computer.
- - - - for financial gain- stealing & selling data
        
        revenge- a disgruntled employee or ex friend
        
        political motives- to rains awareness to political issues
        
        for a challenge- to see if they can succeed
        
        to take out a organisation- by bringing down their website
        
        idealism- trying to expose an injustice
        
        1 more item...
- - - - On a network not everyone needs access to every single file. At school, you don't need to see the staff's pay records (even if you might like to!). The staff might want to see their own pay records but the Office staff won't want them to be able to make any changes.
        For this to happen, we use something called 'user access rights'.
        User access rights will be set up by the network manager who will define groups and allocate specific permissions to those groups. People using the network will then be assigned to a group and all permissions related to that group will apply to them when they log in.
        For example, a group called 'students' might be able to view the students' shared area but not make any changes to files in that folder. Whereas a group called 'teachers' can view the shared area and also add and delete files.
    - - A password, along with a user name is the most common way of protecting a network. To get access to the network, a user has to correctly enter both their user name and the password associated with it.
        However, the quality of a password matters a great deal.
        The most basic way to guess a password is called the 'brute force' approach. This means a computer program is written to go through every possible combination of letters (and / or symbols) until the right one comes up.
        For example, there are 26 letters in the English alphabet, so it would only take 26 guesses to find a 1 letter lower case password (obviously useless as a password!).
        So to make a strong password, you want to increase the number of guesses a computer would have to make, by either making the password longer or by including non-alphabetic characters.
    - - A network policy is a document that sets out the rules and procedures to help protect the network.
        Every network manager should make sure that they have a set of network policies in place. There are three typical policies in place