Please enable JavaScript.

Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.

Regulation of appressorium development in pathogenic fungi images (Future…

- - - - the appressorium pore is distinct from the rest of the infection cell, with a much thinner cell wall and the absence of melanin
      - visible by ultra-structural
        analysis
    - - requires morphogenetic septin GTPases
  - - - Sep4
      - Sep5
      - Sep 3
      - Sep6
    - - such as the Las17 component of the arp2/3 complex
  - - - Mutation of genes encoding any of the septin components and either of the NOX2 and NOXR genes is sufficient to prevent plant infection and,
        
        indeed, the appressorium pore fails to differentiate from the rest of the infection cell
      - mutation of NOX1 leads to arrest of the penetration process just after differentiation of a stunted penetration peg, which fails to elongate and breach the cuticle
- - - - thick
      - differentiated melanin layer on the inner side of the
      - appressorium cell wall
    - - lowering the porosity of the appressorium cell wall
      - not required
        for solute accumulation and turgor generation
      - not provide the barrier for
        osmolytes in C. graminicola
      - structural role
      - Mach-Zehnder
        microscopy
        
        high turgor
        
        non-melanised appressoria
    - - retained even in the absence of melanin
    - - mechanical appressorium-mediated infection
- - - - an essential pre-requisite for focal secretion of effectors at the penetration peg and extending primary infection hypae
      - communication between the extending hyphal tip and the fungal nucleus
  - - - early endosome-mediated, long-distance signalling pathway is necessary for transcriptional regulation of effector genes and effector secretion from the hyphal tip during plant tissue
        colonisation
- - - - Germ tube extend 10-15um before flattening at the tip, hooking, and dy/dx into a unicellular appressorium.
    - - Is based on perception of hydrophobicity
        
        The surface needs to have H20 contact angles of greater than 90 degrees For more info on what that means
      - Presence of wax monomers
        
        Eg: 1,16-hexadecanediol are powerful inducers of appressorium development
      - Each compartment of the three-celled conidium contains a single nucleus, and formation of germ tube is initiates from a single round of nuclear division
      - Appressorium maturation and melanization controlled by entry into G2 phase
      - Entry of nucleus into S-phase of DNA replication necessary for initiation
        
        Hydroxyurea
        
        nim-1 mutants
        
        Undergoes aberrant mitosis in the absence of DNA replication, which completely prevents ability of germ tubes to dy/dx at the tips
- - - - septin-mediated cytoskeletal
        re-organisation
  - - - identify new components of these
        regulatory networks
  - - - which numerous fungal genes could
        be tested
      - role in appressorium biology
      - plant infection