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Skeleton- lactose intolerant (since the kid is lactose intolerant he is…
Skeleton- lactose intolerant
kid fell on arm and broke his arm.(brittle bone)
anatomy
Fracture
compound
comminuted
bone
substances
organic
inorganic
cells
osteoblasts
osteclasts
osteogenic
osteocytes
regions
medullary
epiphysis
diaphysis
metaphysis
Marrow
yellow bone marrow
red bone marrow
bone covering and lining
periosteum
endosteum
class of bone
seasamoid
flat
short
irregular
wormian
long
type of bone
compact
spongy
Bone remodeling
fracture repair
physiology
Fracture
compound
broken end penetrate skin
comminuted
comminuted
bone is in more than 2 pieces
bone
substances
organic
collagen
tensile strength
bone flexibility
loss of protein(collagen) results brittle bones
inorganic
hydroxapatite(calcium)
hardens matrix
insufficient calcium results in soft bones
cells
osteoblast
bone builder
secrete osteoid(collagen) and calcium
osteoblasts get trapped in osteoid and turn to osteocytes
osteoclastss
break down bone
bone resorption
osteogenic
birth of bone
stem cells
mature to osteoblast
osteocytes
mature bone cells from osteoblast
maintain mineral concentration
detect mechanical stress
marrow
red bone marrow
hematopoictic
blood cells forming
in children
in spongy bone
medullary cavity
in adults
selected areas of axial skeleton
yellow bone marrow
red bone marrow degeneration as children mature
fatty substance storage
adults
regions
Epiphysis
knobby region end of long bone
proximal epiphysis
end of bone closest to trunk
distal epiphysis
end furthest from trunk
compact bone(outter thin layer)
spongy bone(inner region)
articular cartilage
covers joint surface
reduces friction
metaphysis
region of b/t diaphysis & epiphysis
epiphyseal plate/disk(children)
provides lengthwise bone growth
epiphyseal line(adults)
bone stop growing
Medullary Cavity
inner region
hollow, cylindrical
red bone marrow in children
yellow bone marrow adults
Diaphysis
runs from proximal to distal of bone
compact bone with spongy bone inward
type of bone
compact
composed of osteons
central canal
blood vessels and nerves
concentric lamella
lines of calcified matrix
canaliculi
interconnecting channles within CT
spongy(trabecullar bone)
like network of spikes
form along lines of stress, strength to bone
class of bone
Seasamoid bones
bone that develop within tendons
patella
Flat bones
provide surfaces for muscle attachment
roof of skull
sternum and ribs
scapulae
Short bones
stability and support
carpals
tarsals
Irregular bones
weird shaped
ossa coxae
vertebrae
bone in skull
sphenoid
temporal
ethmoid
Long bones
use for leverage
arm
forearm
fingers
thighs
leg
toes
Wormian
on side of skull
little island of skull
bone covering and lining
periosteum
outer surface of bone
anchored by collagen fibers
osteogenic cells, osteoblasts, osteoclasts
protects from surrounding structures
blood/lymph & vessels/nerves nourish compact bone
Endosteum
covers internal surface within medulular cavity
osteogenic cells, osteoblasts, osteoclasts
Bone Remodleing
mechanical stress
excersise
increase bone strength
fracture repair
Fibrocartilagenous
chondrocytes secrete fibrocartilaginous b/t 2 broken ends
create hyaline cartilage around break and calming the fracture
Cartilage replaced with trabecular bone
osteoclasts resorb dead bone
osteoblasts produce trabeculae
Fracture hematoma
forms blood clott
Remodeling
compact bone replaces trabecular
since the kid is lactose intolerant he is not getting the nutrients for strong bones.
no vit k
no supports bone mineralization
no magnesium
strengthens bone
no organics
no flexibility to bone.
brittle
easy to snap
no inorganic
bone not hard
broke upper arm
if it broke at the epiphyseal plate, when the kid grows the arms will be uneven.
does not heal well because its made of cartilage