Objectives of Cognitive Domain (Bloom, 1956)
Objectives of Cognitive Domain (Krathwohl & Anderson, 2001)
- Remembering: recalling knowledge from memory
- Knowledge: remembering previous learned material
- Comprehension: constructing meaning from material
- Understanding: constructing meaning from various materials or activities
- Application: implementing material in new situations
define, memorize, recognize
discuss, represent, describe, explain
apply, exhibit, use, demonstrate
retrieve definition, facts, learned information
interpreting, summarizing, inferring, explaining
- Analysis: breaking down or distinguish the parts of material into its components
analyze, compare, investigate, probe, examine
- Applying: carrying out or using a procedure through executing
- Analyzing: breaking materials into parts and determining how the parts related to one another or how they interrelate
analyzing, differentiating, organizing
presentation, interview, simulation
- Synthesis: putting parts together to form a coherent whole
compose, produce, assemble, organize,
- Evaluating: Making judgements based on criteria through critiquing
critiques, recommandations, reports
- Evaluation: judging and critiquing the value of material
judge, rate, evaluate, consider, value, criticize
- Creating: synthesizing parts into something new
generating, planning, producing
Level of knowledge
Level of knowledge
Factual Knowledge: the basic elements
Conceptual knowledge: the interrelationships among the basic elements with a larger structure
Procedural knowledge: how to do sth, methods of inquiry
Metacognitive Knowledge: knows about cognition and also knows how to regulate one's cognition
terminology, specific facts, conventions, trends & sequences, classifications and categories
essential facts, terminology, etc
classifications, theories, models, structures, etc
algorithms, techniques, particular methodologies
strategic or reflective knowledge about how to go about solving problems, cognitive tasks, etc
Checklist Qs for writing learning objectives
Observable
Measurable
Achievable
Clear & specific
Alignment with expectations