THERMODYNAMICS
LAWS OF THERMODYNAMICS
Non-FLow Energy Equation
First Law
Second Law
Third Law
Zeroth Law
ΔU = Q - W
"The change in internal energy of a system is equal to the heat added to the system minus the work done by the system"
Conservation of Energy
Restricts First Law
Entropy of an isolated system will increase over time
No 100% efficiency
Kelvin-Planck Statement
Clausius Statement
"The entropy of a perfect crystal of any pure substance approaches zero as the temperature approaches absolute zero"
"If two systems are both in thermal equilibrium with a third system then they are in thermal equilibrium with each other"
Temperature as a property of a system
Conjugate variable = "empirical"
System of fixed mass
q - w = Δu
Steady-flow Energy Equation
Use control volume to identifiy mass
Describes work and heat exchanges
Adiabatic -> Q=0
Enthalpy
Entropy
Total heat content in a system
Used for calculating the heat transfer in a reversible process
The unavailability of a systems internal thermal energy for conversion into mechanical work
Degree of randomness/disorder in the system
Ideal Gas Law
p=ρRT
Calorifically perfect gas
Wet/Near-Wet
Units
Pressure,p (Pa)
Termperature,T (K)
Internal Energy,u (J/kg)
Volume,V (m³)
Entropy,s (J/kg.K)
Density (ρ)
Specific Volume,v (m³/kg)
Enthalpy,h (J/kg)
REFERENCES
IC Number : 980822065281
Matrix Number : A19SC0504
Name: Mubin bin Nor Azmi
THERMODYNAMICS
SUMMARY
Thermodynamics is a major concept in physics that deals with heat which involves temperature, density, pressure, energy, etc. As a major concept in physics, it will surely have some laws that needed to be obey. Thermodynamics is a very important aspect in our life as we use the concept of it in our daily life such as refrigerator, food that we eat, and also our body temperature which involves our health.