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Parents bring their 8-year old son to the ER for a recent fall resulting…
Parents bring their 8-year old son to the ER for a recent fall resulting in a fracture to his radius. They inform you that over the last year, he has become much less physically active and clumsy. His walking pattern has changed, with him now walking on his tiptoes instead of the soles of his feet. He complained of muscle aches and weakness, especially in the morning. The fall that broke his radius happened this morning when he tripped climbing down the stairs. Genetic testing confirms that this patient has Duchenne muscular dystrophy but does not have a family history of this disease.
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Upstream Effects
indirect cause
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Fracture
The patient got his fracture from tripping and slightly falling down the stairs. Due to the small amount of severity of the fall, we can conclude that the patient had some sort of dystrophy in his muscles because the severity of the injury does not match a slight trip.
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Physiology
Organ Systems
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Nervous System
is a complex collection of nerves and specialized cells known as neurons that transmit signals between different parts of the body.
neurons:
axon
axon terminals
axon hillock
cell body
dendrites
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Croos Bridge Cycle
The power stroke
ADP and P are released and the myosin head pivots and bends, changing to its bent low-energy state.
Cross bridge detachment
After ATP attaches to myosin, the link between myosin and actin weakens, and the myosin head detaches.
Cross bridge formation
Energized myosin head attaches to an actin myofilament, forming cross bridge
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