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infectious diseases (including STIs) (study of the "invisible"…
infectious diseases (including STIs)
illness caused by microbes
study of the "invisible" organisms
bacteria
viruses
fungi
prions
parasites
protozoa
helminths
arthropods
epidemiology of infectious disease
54M deaths globally
1/3 infectious disease
40%
pneumonia
diarrhea
all in developing world
TB
measles
malaria
target: mostly children
pathogens and disease
responsible for more than 25% deaths each year
bacteria
viruses
fungi
protozoa
parasitic worms
prions
diseases attributed to microbes
plague
polio
AIDS
bioterrorism (anthrax)
adaptation
how we survive microbes and how they survive us
physiological adaptation
response to change in environment
change in gene expression
genetic adaptation
overgrowth of mutant
become predominant type in population
components of infectious disease
environment
host
agent
pathogenic
ability of microbe to cause disease
virulence
ability of pathogen to overcome host defense
chain of infection
pathogen
reservoir
portal of entry
means of transmission
portal of exit
new host
human pathogen transmission
airborne
droplet transmission
contamination
caused by contaminated water
contact
caused by contact and feces
bodily fluid exchange
exposure vs. infection vs. disease
exposure
state of close proximity to a potentially infectious organism
infectious
invasion and multiplication of microorganisms
disease
medical condition associated with symptoms that affect structure/function of tissues/organs/body parts
incubation period
time between exposure to a pathogen and appearance of disease symptoms
pathogenicity and virulence
pathogen
microorganism that causes infection
pathogenecity
ability of pathogen to cause disease
virulence
relative ability of pathogen to cause damage to host
related to disease
microbial classification
morphology
physiology
biochemistry
molecular analysis - nucleic acid identification
prevented by hand washing
emerging infectious diseases
west nile virus
SARS
rotavirus
Escherichia coli
hantavirus
ebola
antibiotic resistance
survival of bacteria in presence of antibiotic
genetically transmissible/superbug
bacterium that is resistant to more than one antibiotic
multidrug resistant (MDR) organsism
MRSA
multidrug resistant
staphylococcus aureus
clostridium difficile
multiple strains
mycobacterium tuberculosis
resistance to isoniazid, rifampin
STI
infections spread through sexual contact
exchange of body fluids
colonizes mucous membrane
provides a blood portal
chlamydia
gonorrhea
genital herpes
syphilis
bacterial vagionosis
AIDS
causative agent = HIV
immune evasion
T cell infection and destruction
viral genetic mutation
latency
mode of transmission
body fluid exchange
AIDS dementia complex