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A 12 y/o boy got a bone fracture in his right arm from running and falling…

- - - - no vitamin d and is taking no supplements to make up for the lost nutrients
- - - - ossification zone
        
        osteoclasts erode and osteoblasts cover with new bone
      - hypertonic zone
        
        chondrites hypertrophy
      - proliferation zone
        
        cells divide pushing the ephiphysis away from diaphysis
      - calcification zone
        
        cartilage calcifies
    - - bone deposit
        
        function of osteoblasts, osteoblasts deposit new bone matrix
      - bone resorption
        
        function of osteoclasts, osteoclasts break down bone tissue
    - - intramembranous ossification
        
        bone develops from fibrous membrane
        
        forms cranial bones of skull
      - osteogenesis
        
        process of bone formation
      - endochondral ossification
        
        bone forms by replacing hyaline cartilage
        
        forms all bones inferior to base of skull, except clavicles
  - - - proximal epiphysis
      - diaphysis
      - distal epiphysis
    - - osteoblasts
        
        bone-forming cells that secrete a bone matrix called an osteoid
      - osteocytes
        
        maintain mineralized bone matrix
      - osteogenic cells
        
        when stimulated turn into osteoblasts
      - osteoclasts
        
        dissolves bone
      - lining cells
        
        regulates passage of calcium
    - - compact bone: dense outer layer on every bone that appears smooth and solid
      - spongey bone: made up of small, needle like or flat pieces of bone called trabeculae
    - - periosteum: covers outside of compact bone
      - covers inside portion of compact bone
  - - - (simple), skin is not penetrated
    - - (compound), skin is penetrated
    - - broken all the way through
    - - ends retain normal position
    - - not broken all the way through
    - - ends are out of normal alignment
  - - - torn blood vessels hemmorage forming blood clots called hematoma
    - - capillaries grow into hematoma, fibroblasts, cartilage, and osteogenic cells begin to reconstruct the bone
    - - wishing a week, new trabecular appears in the fibrocartilaginous callus
    - - osteoclasts remove excess bony material
    - - bone is repaired by a cast or traction is needed for healing
    - - realignment of broken bone ends
  - - - allows growth
    - - metaphysics at the end of each long bone