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PBI 288 - Midterm (Neurons (Anatomy (axon (Cytoskeleton (Axoplasmic…

- - - - pre-synaptic
        
        Synaptic transmission
        
        steps
        
        3
        
        Ca2+ triggers enzymes
        
        vesicle-Membrane fusion
        
        6
        
        ions flow in
        
        potential changes
        
        2 more items...
        
        2
        
        Ca2+ gated channels opens
        
        Ca2+ IN
        
        7
        
        -55 mV at integration zone
        
        Neural integration
        
        2 more items...
        
        1
        
        AP arrives @ axon
        
        8
        
        autoreceptors bind NT
        
        activity regulation
        
        1 more item...
        
        not mandatory
        
        4
        
        NT diffuse
        
        NT binding to post-synapse
        
        1 more item...
        
        5
        
        enzyme deactivation
        
        stops transmission
        
        1 more item...
    - - Myelin sheath
        
        surround axons
        
        Transmission faster
        
        Nodes of Ranvier
        
        Saltatory conduction
        
        15 X
      - Cytoskeleton
        
        Axoplasmic transport
        
        Anterograde
        
        FAST
        
        Soma to TB
        
        Retrograde
        
        Slow
        
        TB to soma
        
        protein transport on axon
        
        microtubules
        
        microfilaments
    - - post-synaptic
  - - - Bipolar
        
        2 stalk
        
        1 dendrite
      - Unipolar
        
        1 stalk
        
        split in 2 branches
        
        1 dendrite
      - Multipolar
        
        2 stalks
        
        Many dendrites
    - - Sensory
        
        external to internal
      - Motor
        
        internal to external
      - Interneurons
        
        Relay between
        sensory and motor
- - - - PNS
      - Functions
        
        I
        
        Disorder
        
        Guillain-Barré Syndrom
    - - Blood brain barrier
        
        wrapped around capillary
      - Functions
        
        S
        
        contact with many neurons
        
        H
        
        phagocytosis
        
        glial scars
        
        N
        
        from blood vessels
        
        E
        
        fluid homeostasis
      - disorder
        
        glial blastoma
        
        major tumor
        
        compromise astrocytes web
      - CNS
    - - arround axon
        (+/- 50 spaces)
      - Functions
        
        I
        
        Myelin sheath
      - Disorder
        
        Multiple sclerosis
        
        Loss of myelin sheath
      - CNS
    - - resident macrophage
        
        Functions
        
        H +++
        
        scavenge debris
        
        inflammatory response
        
        Disorders
        
        Neurodegenerative disease
        (parkinson, Alzheimer, ALS)
        
        1 more item...
        
        Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy
        (football players)
      - CNS
- - - - Longitudinal fissure
    - - Lateral fissure
    - - parieto-occipital sulcus
    - - occipital notch
    - - central sulcus
    - - Frontal
      - Temporal
      - Parietal
      - Occipital
    - - Midbrain
        
        Thalamus
        
        Integration/relay
        
        Hypothalamus
        
        4 F's
        
        Feeding
        
        fighting
        
        Flight
        
        Fucking
      - Forebrain
        
        Cerebral cortex
        
        outer layer brain
        
        Basal Ganglia
        
        mouvement
        
        Limbic System
        
        emotional
      - Hindbrain