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1.5 Network Topologies, Protocols and Layers (Layers (TCP/IP (Application…

- - - - 2) Additional information is added to each of the data packets
        ( Destination, Packet Number, Senders Address and Recipients Address)
        
        3) When a packet arrives at a router, the router reads the information and looks it up on the database table
        
        4) The reader determines the shortest path avaliable to that destination at that noment and forwards the data packet to the next router on the network
    - - Robust so if one router is down, it can re-route the data packets to another router
      - If one packet has a error, only that one packet needs to return
      - Resilience so it does it itself
      - Different routes (traffic) if there is lots of traffic, it will redirect the packets to another route
    - - Higher Latency -slows network because of high traffic on multiple routes
- - - - Star topologies have a central device such as a hub / switch / server
        
        Advantages of Star Topologies
        
        More secure than other topologies
        
        Efficent to set up - small networks
        
        Disadvantages of Star Topologies
        
        Network failure, if the server goes down, you cannot connect to the server
        
        Expensive to set up, ONLY in big networks
    - - Mesh togologies, have no central server and every computer is connected to one another
        
        Advantages
        
        Can handle high data traffic rates
        
        Each node is connected to all other nodes, they are reliable and robust
        
        Disadvantages
        
        Requires WiFi
        
        Higher Data Branches
        
        The cost will rise as you add more nodes, making it more expensive
    - - Nodes = any type of device
- - - - Encodes / Decodes the message into a form that the sender and the recipent
        
        HTTP, HTTPS, FTP, POP, IMAP, SMTP, DNS
    - - Breaks the message down into smaller chunks (packets)
        
        TCP,UDP
    - - Adds the senders IP address and that of the recipent. The network then knows where to send the message and where it came from.
        
        IP
    - - WiFi, Ethernet
- - - - Less secure than wired networks
        
        Signals can be obstructed
        
        Relies on signal strength to WAP
        
        Speeds are slower than wired networks
    - - Users can move around freely
        
        Easier to set up and less expensive to set up
        
        Convienient to use
        
        Can handle larger numbrs of users
        
        Transfer of information to social media is much easier
        
        Can handle larger numbrs of users
    - - Frequencies can be channels