Elderly male with stomach cancer recently placed with feeding tube
Gallbladder removed
Bypassing natural gastric juices
Malabsorption
Bypassing esophagus, stomach, and duodenum
Missing key chemicals to break down food
bypassing mechanical breakdown and segmentation
proteases (protein)
Amylase (starch)
Lipases (fats)
Nucleases (nucleic acids)
Bile duct assumes bile storing role
Bile is major vehicle for excreting cholesterol from body
sterile or pasteurized feeding only
requires longer feeding times and immobility of patient
Bypassing bodies natural defenses resulting in a greater risk of infection
may result in abdominal pain and diarrhea
Anatomy of digestive tract
mouth
tongue
Salivary glands
Parotid, sublingual, submandibular
pharynx
esophagus
liver
stomach
gallbladder
pancreas
small intestine
Duodenum, Jejunum, Ileum
large intestine
anus
transverse descending ascending colon, cecum, sigmoid, rectum, appendix, anal canal
Basic nutrients
Carbohydrates
proteins
lipids
nucleic Acids
Function of Organs
Mouth/ Accessory organs
Ingestion, Propulsion, mechanical breakdown, digestion
mucus in saliva helps dissolve food.
Salivary amylase, lingual lipase, mucin, lysozyme, IgA
Pharynx and Esophagus
propulsion
stomach
mechanical breakdown, digestion, absorption
hydrochloric acid
pepsin
small intestine
mechanical breakdown, digestion, absorption
liver
secretes bile
pancreas
secretes digestive enzymes
bile salts and phospholipids
acinar cell, duct cell
gallbladder
stores bile
large intestine
digestion, absorption, propulsion, defecation
goblet cells
enzymes
salivary amylase (mouth)
pancreatic amylase (pancreas)
Brush border enzymes: dextrinase, glucoamylase, lactase, maltase, sucrase (small intestine)
pepsin (stomach)
pancreatic enzymes (pancreas)
lingual lipase (mouth)
gastric lipase (stomach)
pancreatic lipases (pancreas)
pancreatic ribonuclease, deoxyribonuclease (pancreas)
Brush border enzymes: nucleosidases, phosphatases. (small intestine)