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Non-Carbonyl Functional Group (Halocarbons (Uses: (Solvents, Pesticides,…
Non-Carbonyl Functional Group
Halocarbons
Functional Group: Halogens (F, I,Br,Cl)
General Formula: R-X
Way of Naming:
Prioritize the halogens
Name halogens as if you would to other alkyl groups
Types:
Alkyl Halides
Only aliphatic HC bonded to halogen
Aryl Halides
Any benzene ring bonded to halogen
Properties:
Higher Boiling point than alkanes
Higher density than alkanes
Example:
Uses:
Solvents
Pesticides
Refrigerants
Fire-resistant oils
Amines
General Formula: R-NH2
Way of Naming:
End the name with amine or add amino before the parent name
Functional Group: NH2
Properties:
Colorless
Hydrogen bonds
Offensive odor
Uses:
Dye production
Example:
Types:
Secondary
1H 2R
Tertiary
0H 3R
Primary
2H 1R
Ethers
Functional Group: O (Ether)
General Formula: R-O-R
Way of Naming:
End the name with (Ether)
Properties:
No hydrogen bonds
Lower boiling point
Uses:
Perfume solvent
Drug production
Anesthetic and sedation drugs
Example:
Alcohol
Functional Group: OH
General Formula: R-OH
Way of Naming:
Priority is to the location of the OH molecule
End the name with (ol) instead of (e)
Types:
Secondary
1H 2R
Tertiary
0H 3R
Primary
2H 1R
Properties:
Higher boiling point than alkanes & halocarbons
Hydrogen bonds
Example:
Uses:
Antifreeze
Antiseptic
Perfume solvent
