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Population Genetics and Evolution (Evolution and the Origin of Life…
Population Genetics and Evolution
Population Genetics
Factors that Cause the Gene Pool to Change
Mutation
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new alleles increase
Accidents
events where organism can't adapt
Artificial Selection
purposeful changing of gene pool
Natural Selection
survival of fittest
Factors that are not part of natural selection
Purpose
Intention
Planning
Voluntary decision making
Situations in which Natural Selection Does Not Operate
Identical genetically
not adaptive
new environment
Multiple Selection Pressures
insect attack
drought
cold
need for pollinators
Rates of Evolution
if a feature becomes selectively disadvantageous, many of the mutations that disrupt its development become selectively advantageous
Speciation
Phyletic Speciation
gene flow
pollen transfer
seed dispersal
vegetative propagation
Divergent Speciation
reproductively isolated
abiological reproductive barriers
allopatric
biological reproductive barriers
sympatric speciation
prezygotic isolation mechanisms
postzygotic internal isolation barriers
hybrid sterility
hybrid inviability
Adaptive radiation
founder
Convergent Evolution
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2, distinct unrelated species that gain same phenotypes by occupying same habitat
Evolution and the Origin of Life
Conditions on Earth Before the Origin of Life
chemicals present in the atmosphere
2nd atmosphere
reducing atmoshpere
Energy Sources
UV and gamma radiation
Time Available for the origin
Chemicals Produced Chemosynthetically
Oparin and Haldane first experimental tests
Formation of Polymers
Aggregation and Organization
Early Metabolism
Oxygen
The Presence of Life
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abundance of diff alleles w/I population
