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3.1.12 Acids and Bases (pH (Brønsted–Lowry acid: proton donor,…
3.1.12 Acids and Bases
pH
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difference of one pH number means a tenfold difference in [H⁺]; e.g. pH 2 has tine times [H⁺] than pH 3
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Weak acids and bases
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approximation: Kₐ ≈ [H⁺]² / [HA], as [H⁺] = [A⁻]
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Titrations
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equivalence point: the point at which sufficient base had been added to just neutralise the acid, or vice versa; rapid change of pH at equivalence point
end point: the point at which the indicator just changes colour; equivalence point is same as end point unless the wrong indicator has been selected
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