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Ecology of Parenting (Macrosystem Influences (Political Ideology: theories…

- - - - likely to emphasize obedience, respect, neatness, cleanliness, and staying out of trouble
      - likely to be more controlling, authoritarian, and use physical punishment
      - short directives rather than varying tones
    - - likely to emphasize happiness, creativity, ambition, independence, curiosity, and self-control
      - likely to be more democratic, using reason, being receptive to children's opinions
      - likely to talk more to children, reason with them, use complex language
  - - - ensure physical health
      - develop behavioral capacities for economic self-maintenance
      - instill behavioral capacities for maximizing cultural values
    - - Interdependent
        
        authority role is based on hierarchy and rank
        
        relationships value harmony, family comes before individual
        
        communication is more indirect and nonverbal
        
        displays of emotion are inward and not publicly
        
        discipline is age-based and come from top down, shame and guilt are high
        
        skills emphasis are stressed for fulfilling group roles
      - Independent
        
        authority role is achieved through work
        
        relationships are compartmentalized and informality is common
        
        communication is direct and independent of context
        
        displays of emotion are open to some and closed to others depending on relationship
        
        discipline is rational and helps guide children for future problems
        
        skills emphasis aim is to be independent, choice-based, for self-expression, and competition for status
- - - - children become more self-sufficient
      - parents help guide less and less as age increases
    - - innate to individual
      - parents adapts over time
      - child learns how to control and cope
      - goodness-of-fit parenting styles
        
        easy: adapt well
        
        difficult: consistent, patient, some instability from child
        
        slow-to-warm-up: moderate encouragement and patience
    - - boys and girls are different
    - - adaptions are very necessary
  - - - both parents and children affected b/c time/energy per person
    - - spacing and gender affects
    - - how their temperament is affected
- - - - get attention in socially acceptable ways
      - use adults as resources
      - get along well with others
      - plan and carry out complicated tasks
      - use and understand complex sentences
    - - remain unnoticed or are disruptive
      - need a lot of direction to complete a task
      - have difficulty getting along with others
      - lack ability to anticipate consequences
      - have a simplistic vocabulary
- - - - humanism: beliefs concerned with interests and ideals of humans rather than spiritual world
      - tabula rasa: the mind is a blank slate before impressions are recorded by experience
    - - children are innately good and will learn self-control over time
      - parenting becomes child-centered
    - - behaviorism: observed behavior provides the only valid data for psychology
      - fixations: freudian term for halted development
    - - less rigid schedules
      - flexible and informed
      - learn by doing
    - - physical punishment bad
      - love is a motivating parenting technique
      - cognitive development became important
      - more balanced approach: not parent-centered or child-centered but both
- - - - maltreatment involving deliberate harm to the child's body
    - - maltreatment in which a person forces, tricks, or threatens a child in order to have sexual contact with him or her
    - - maltreatment involving a destructive pattern of continual attack by an adult on a child's development of self and social competence including rejecting, isolating, terrorizing, ignoring, and corrupting