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GM - CT - C7 the sociocultural environment (elements of culture (language-…
GM - CT - C7 the sociocultural environment
layers of culture
national culture
business/industry culture
company culture (organizational culture
individual behaviour
global culture
high- and low-context cultures
general comparative of culture p238
elements of culture
language--verbal language &non-verbal language
manners & customs
technology & material culture
social institutions
education- training program
value & attitudes
aesthetics
religion (religious holidays, consumption pattern, religious ritual, economic role of women
4+1 dimensions model
concept of the model
1.power distance--equal / unequal
uncertainty avoidance -- formal role & fixed patterns of life; risk-taking
individualism -- personal > member of a group
masculinity -- masculine (achievement, performance, success, money and competition) > feminine (quality of life, maintaining warm personal relationships, care for the weak, preserving the environment and solidarity.
time perspective -- future oriented (lLTO) > short-term point of view
strength and weakness
Strength: large sample; across countries comparison; high relevant for each; detail
Weakness:limit culture correspond; within a single industry; overlap; different definition in different countries
managing cultural differences
Define the problem or goal in terms in
home
country culture, traits, habits and norms.
Define the problem or goal in terms in
foreign
country culture, traits, habits and norms.
Isolate the SRC (self-reference criterion) influence in the problem and examine it carefully to see how it complicates the problem
redefine the problem without SRC influence and solve for the foreign market situation
convergence or divergence of the world's cultures
Youth culture -- become more homogeneous
the effects of cultural dimensions on ethical decision-making
six major issues: organizational relations; economic relations; employee relations; customer relations; industrial relations; political relations.
social marketing
changing behavior -- give up smoking
founded on trust
clear relations with commercial marketing, but focus on resolving social problems