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Lecture 2 (Enzymes (Coagulase (Clots Blood), Hyaluronidase (Breaks down…
Lecture 2
Enzymes
Coagulase
Clots Blood
Hyaluronidase
Breaks down hyaluronic acid
Staphylokinase
dissolves blood clots
Lipase
digest lipids
B-Lactamase
resist to many beta-lactam
Toxins
Leukocidin
kill leukocytes
Epidermal Cell Differentiation Inhibitor
makes holes in proteins
Cytolytic Toxins
disrupt cell membrane
Toxic Shock Syndrome
protein that causes staph scalded skin syndrome and staphy TSS
Random
Emerged as health threat
Methicillin resistant S. Aureus is common in hospitals
Prevent by washing hands frequently
Currently working on vaccine
Disease of Skin
Folliculitis
infection of hair follicle
Common cause is staph infection
gram pos anaerobic and spherical
tolerant of salt and disiccation
two types
Staphylococcus aureus
Accounts for 90% of bacteria
Transmitted via direct contact or fomites
starts on surface on the skin then moves into hair follicle
can spread into hypodermic and blood
coagulase negative is part of natural microbiome
Staphylococcus epidermis
more virulent pathogen grows in nasal passage
Furuncle
large, painful, raised nodular extension of folliculitis
Carbuncle
several boils
Treatment
Mupirocin
critical clean and drain
Dicloxacilin
semisynthic oral PCN