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8 year old boy is brought into ER for a fracture to the radius. Patient…

- - - - Patient became less physically active.
      - The only thing that could cause this would be a mutation in the gene.
  - - - child is less physically active
      - Become more clumsy
      - child experiences muscle aches and weakness
- - - - It weakens the cardiac muscle, preventing the heart from pumping blood.
    - - Child could face mental health problems
      - Seizure disorders
      - Could face learning disabilities
    - - child may experience droopy eyelids, difficulty keeping eyes open, and obstruction of vision.
    - - Hormone production will change
    - - Bones in the spine get weaker. Child may experience difficulty jumping, running, etc.
  - - - Muscle weakness and loss. Eventually leading to the arms, legs, and trunk.
    - - Could lead to vision and speech problems
      - Seizures
      - Structural changes in the brain
    - - Could lead to Cardiomyopathy. Which would lead to a difficulty of the heart to pump blood.
      - Irregular heartbeats
      - Heart failure
    - - Diffulty breathing
      - Pneumonia
      - Difficulty coughing
- - - - Short but strong muscle contractions
    - - For repeated short bursts of strong muscle contraction
        
        less resistant to the dystrophic pathology
    - - For very long periods of muscle contraction
        
        This type of muscle fibers are more resistant to the dystrophic pathology
  - - - Protects the cell and allows only certain substances in
  - - - Cell membrane of muscle fiber
    - - Cytoplasm of muscle fiber
    - - thread-like, contractile fibers, parallel to each other
    - - Longitudinally, repeating functional unit of skeletal muscle, with all of the contractile and associated proteins involved in contraction.
    - - Specialized smooth endoplasmic reticulum, which stores, releases, and retrieves calcium.
    - - Projection of the sarcolemma into the interior of the cell
  - - - forms the thick filament
    - - forms the thin filament
- - - - Get the RNA to make new proteins (translation)
  - - - Calcium is released into the Sarcoplasmic Reticulum
        
        Calcium binds to actin and the blocking action of the tropomyosin is removed
        
        Myosin heads attach to begin contraction
        
        Calcium is removed and the binding sites on actin become blocked again by tropomyosin
        
        Muscle relaxes
  - - - Osteoclasts attach to the matrix. Secrete bone growth factors
        
        Osteoclasts die (apoptosis) regulated by estrogen. Creates a cavity
        
        Growth factors stimulate osteoblast formation
        
        Secretes matrix and some will turn into osteocytes
        
        Damage is repaired