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Genetics (Monohybrid Crosses (Crossing Heterozygotes with Themselves…

- - - - One new strand
      - One old strand
      - Ookazaki fragments
      - Replication fork
    - - DNA polymerase (adds bases in 3' direction)
        
        Ligation
      - RNA polymerase
  - - - Point mutation
      - Deletion/Insertion
        
        Insertion Sequences
        
        Transposon
      - Inversion
    - - Mutagen= causative agent of mutations
      - Chemicals
      - UV light
      - X-rays
      - Radiation
    - - Heavily dependent on location and nature of mutation
      - Point mutations and small indels in introns tend to be unimportant
      - Mutations in exons are generally worse, but can be small if occuring in last 2 bases of a codon
      - Wobble effect
    - - Mutations that occur in non-germ line cells
      - Effects only the one organism
      - Not heritable
    - - Are important due to the frequency of mutations and improbability of perfect replication in derived organisms