12 year old patient w/ a bone fracture to right elbow. Bone protruding through upper right arm region. Bone fragments in wound

Long bone structure

Epiphysis

Diaphysis

wider section end of bone

spongy bone

osseous tissue

hollow shaft of bone

Endosteum

bone cells

causes bones to grow,repair,and remodel bones

Inner cavity

medullary cavity

yellow bone

outer cavity

cortex

dense/hard compact bone

osseous tissue

periosteum

contains, blood vessels,nerves, and lymphatic

helps with grow, repair, and remodel bones

Stages of bone healing

  1. formation of hematoma @ the break
  1. the formation of fibrocartilaginous callus
  1. formation of bony callus
  1. Remodeling and addition of compact bone

Forming and growing of bones

Cartilage templates

framework laid down where bones form

Intramembranous ossification

compact and spongy bones develop

endochondral ossification

bones develop by replacing hyaline cartilage

Remodeling and Modeling

osteoclasts

resorb unneeded damaged or old bone

osteoblast

lays down new bone

endosteum

adjacent to meullary

bone cells

causes bones to grow, repair, and remodel

epiphyseal plate

thin layer of cartilage b/w epiphyses and metaphyses

growth of long bones

Classifications of bone fracture

Stable fracture

broken ends barely out of place

Open, compound fracture

skin maybe pierced by bone

Transverse fracture

horizontal fracture line

Oblique

Angled pattern

Comminuted fracture

bone shatters into 3 or more places

Open, compound fracture

broken right elbow

poor diet

lactose intolerant

lack of vitamin D

mostly junk food

lacking the nutrients and calcium that promotes healthy bones

high risk of infection

due to young age bones are still growing and will heal fast

protruding through skin upper right arm

raw materials for bone growth

Calcium

green leafy vegetables

Vitamin D

diary products or vitamin D supplements

Phosphorus

dairy products and meat

Magnesium

Calcium supplements that contain magnesium

Vitamin K

may assist in channeling calcium directly to the bone

Running and fell foward

Lactose intolerant

no diary products

lack of vitamin D

poor diet

Mainly junk food

lack nutrients that promote strong healthy bones