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Introduction To Computing (What is Computer ? (History of Computer (3rd…
Introduction To Computing
What is Computer ?
Features of Computer
Huge Storage
High Processor Speed
Versatility & Reliability
Precision & Diligence
How Computer Works
Accepts the data from the Input device , process it to produce the required output and store as required
History of Computer
3rd Generation : Integrated Circuits
4th Generation : Microprocessors
2nd Generation : Transistors
5th Generation : Artificial Intellegence
1st Generation : Vacuum tubes
Applications of Computers
Visualization and Multimedia
Network & Communication
Network is the connection between two or more computers from different sources , wireless or wired
machine Learning : machine can communicate with humans
Software Development
End to end user productivity , ex: office tools
Operating systems , ex:Mac,Windows
Information Security
Classification of Computers
Mainframecomputer
Uses : large organizations for special applications
Examples : Ministry of Interior NIC Riyadh
Features : large size & amount of storage &processing power , high level of reliability , support more simultaneous programs
Minicomputer
Uses : small or mid-range servers operating business & scientific applications
Features : has most of the features & capabilities of a large computer but smaller in physical size
Supercomputer
Uses : scientific & engineering application
Features : highest operational rate for computers , expensive , specialized applications
Examples : weather forecasting , fluid dynamics , nuclear energy research , petroleum exploration(Shaheen II)
Microcomputer
Personal computers that could be : Desktop computer , Laptop Computer and Palmtop Computer/Digital Diary/Notebook/PDAs
Computer Peripherals
System Unit
Motherboard , consist of integrated circuits , Heart of the computer
CPU : controls the instructions from the input & output devices and process them , Brain of the computer.has access to primary memory
ALU : excites all arithmetic & logical operations (+,-,*,>.<,=)
CU : execute that controls the rest of instructions
Memory Devices
Primary/Main/Temporary memory : essential commands for the processing data and any transitional results
Secondary/Long-term/Permanent memory : storing processed data , ex:Hard Disks , DVD , Flash Devices
Input/Output Devices
Input : accepts data , ex:keyboard, mouse,scanner
Output : production of the required information , ex:monitor screen ,speaker, scanner
Ch1L1,Good Luck , FWS,441